Configuring RIPng and IPv6 Default Route

I did CCNP ROUTE Version 1 a few years ago in order to complete my CCDP and built a lab using real Cisco 2811 routers and Cisco 3560 Catalyst switches. I needed to renew my CCNP this year and studied for the CCNP ROUTE Version 2 and performed labs using the CCNP ROUTE Lab Manual Version 7. I used a virtual lab this time on my Intel NUC and EVE since the new ROUTE exam (300-101) uses IOS 15 and covers a lot of IPv6 topics.


Configuring RIPng

RIPng uses a new command style for the basic configuration, but most of the optional features and verification commands look much like the commands used for RIP for IPv4. This section first takes a look at the basic RIPng configuration, accepting as many defaults as possible.

The big difference between RIPv2 and RIPng configuration is that RIPng discards the age-old RIP network command in deference to the ipv6 rip name enable interface subcommand, which enables RIPng on an interface. Another difference relates to the routing of IPv4 and IPv6: Cisco IOS routes IPv4 by default (because of a default global configuration command of ip routing ), but Cisco IOS does not route IPv6 by default (a default of no ipv6 unicast-routing ). Finally, RIPng allows multiple RIPng processes on a single router, so Cisco IOS requires that each RIPng process is given a text name that identifies each RIPng process for that one router—another difference compared to RIPv2.

The following list shows the basic configuration steps for RIPng, including steps to enable IPv6 routing and enabling IPv6 on the interfaces:

Step 1. Enable IPv6 routing with the ipv6 unicast-routing global command.

Step 2. Enable RIPng using the ipv6 router rip name global configuration command. The name must be unique on a router but does not need to match on neighboring routers.

Step 3. Enable IPv6 on the interface, typically with one of these two methods:

• Configure an IPv6 unicast address on each interface using the ipv6 address address/prefix-length [eui-64] interface command.

• Configure the ipv6 enable command, which enables IPv6 and causes the router to derive its link-local address.

Step 4. Enable RIP on the interface with the ipv6 rip name enable interface subcommand (where the name matches the ipv6 router rip name global configuration command).

Below is the RIPng lab that I performed.

r1#conf t

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

r1(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing     // ENABLE IPv6 ROUTING

r1(config)#

r1(config)#interface loop 0

r1(config-if)#

*Jun 16 22:00:54.419: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Loopback0, changed state to up

*Jun 16 22:00:55.419: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Loopback0, changed state to up

r1(config-if)#ipv6 address 2001:db8:cafe:1::1/64

r1(config-if)#

r1(config-if)#interface serial 2/0

r1(config-if)#ipv6 address 2001:db8:cafe:2::1/64

r1(config-if)#no shut

r1(config-if)#

*Jun 16 22:02:07.615: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial2/0, changed state to up

r1(config-if)#

*Jun 16 22:02:08.627: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial2/0, changed state to up

r1(config-if)#end

r1#

r2#conf t

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

r2(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing

r2(config)#

r2(config)#interface loop 0

r2(config-if)#

*Jun 16 22:01:47.903: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Loopback0, changed state to up

r2(config-if)#ipv6 address 2001:db8:cafe:3::1/64

r2(config-if)#

r2(config)#interface serial 2/0

r2(config-if)#ipv6 address 2001:db8:cafe:2::2/64

r2(config-if)#no shut

r2(config-if)#

*Jun 16 22:03:27.335: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial2/0, changed state to up

r2(config-if)#

*Jun 16 22:03:28.347: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial2/0, changed state to up

r2(config-if)#

r2(config-if)#do ping 2001:db8:cafe:2::1

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 2001:DB8:CAFE:2::1, timeout is 2 seconds:

..!!!

Success rate is 60 percent (3/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 32/50/64 ms

r2(config-if)#

r2(config-if)#do ping 2001:db8:cafe:2::1

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 2001:DB8:CAFE:2::1, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!

Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 32/36/44 ms

r2(config-if)#

r2(config-if)#interface serial 2/1

r2(config-if)#ipv6 address 2001:db8:feed:1::2/64

r2(config-if)#no shut

r2(config-if)#

*Jun 16 22:04:51.299: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial2/1, changed state to up

r2(config-if)#

*Jun 16 22:04:52.311: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial2/1, changed state to up

r2(config-if)#

r2(config-if)#interface loop 10

r2(config-if)#

*Jun 16 22:05:10.083: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Loopback10, changed state to up

r2(config-if)#

*Jun 16 22:05:12.467: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial2/1, changed state to down

r2(config-if)#

r2(config-if)#ipv6 address 2001:db8:cafe:10::1/64

r2(config-if)#

r2(config-if)#interface loop 11                 

r2(config-if)#

*Jun 16 22:05:44.107: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Loopback11, changed state to up

r2(config-if)#

r2(config-if)#ipv6 address 2001:db8:cafe:11::1/64

r2(config-if)#

r2(config-if)#interface loop 12                 

r2(config-if)#

*Jun 16 22:05:54.491: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Loopback12, changed state to up

r2(config-if)#

r2(config-if)#ipv6 address 2001:db8:cafe:12::1/64

r2(config-if)#end

r2#

r3#conf t

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

r3(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing

r3(config)#

r3(config)#interface serial 2/1

r3(config-if)#ipv6 address 2001:db8:feed:1::1/64

r3(config-if)#no shut

r3(config-if)#

*Jun 16 22:05:00.915: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial2/1, changed state to up

r3(config-if)#

*Jun 16 22:05:01.927: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial2/1, changed state to up

r3(config-if)#

r3(config-if)#do ping 2001:db8:feed:1::2

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 2001:DB8:FEED:1::2, timeout is 2 seconds:

HHH.!

Success rate is 20 percent (1/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 36/36/36 ms

r3(config-if)#

r3(config-if)#do ping 2001:db8:feed:1::2

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 2001:DB8:FEED:1::2, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!

Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 32/34/40 ms

r3(config-if)#end

r3#

r1#sh ipv6 interface brief

FastEthernet0/0        [administratively down/down]

    unassigned

FastEthernet1/0        [administratively down/down]

    unassigned

FastEthernet1/1        [administratively down/down]

    unassigned

Serial2/0              [up/up]

    FE80::C803:14FF:FEC4:0

    2001:DB8:CAFE:2::1

Serial2/1              [administratively down/down]

    unassigned

Serial2/2              [administratively down/down]

    unassigned

Serial2/3              [administratively down/down]

    unassigned

Loopback0              [up/up]

    FE80::C803:14FF:FEC4:0

    2001:DB8:CAFE:1::1

r2#sh ipv6 int brief

FastEthernet0/0        [administratively down/down]

    unassigned

FastEthernet1/0        [administratively down/down]

    unassigned

FastEthernet1/1        [administratively down/down]

    unassigned

Serial2/0              [up/up]

    FE80::C80C:28FF:FE64:0

    2001:DB8:CAFE:2::2

Serial2/1              [up/up]

    FE80::C80C:28FF:FE64:0

    2001:DB8:FEED:1::2

Serial2/2              [administratively down/down]

    unassigned

Serial2/3              [administratively down/down]

    unassigned

Loopback0              [up/up]

    FE80::C80C:28FF:FE64:0

    2001:DB8:CAFE:3::1

Loopback10             [up/up]

    FE80::C80C:28FF:FE64:0

    2001:DB8:CAFE:10::1

Loopback11             [up/up]

    FE80::C80C:28FF:FE64:0

    2001:DB8:CAFE:11::1

Loopback12             [up/up]

    FE80::C80C:28FF:FE64:0

    2001:DB8:CAFE:12::1

r2#

r3#sh ipv6 int br

FastEthernet0/0        [administratively down/down]

    unassigned

FastEthernet1/0        [administratively down/down]

    unassigned

FastEthernet1/1        [administratively down/down]

    unassigned

Serial2/0              [administratively down/down]

    unassigned

Serial2/1              [up/up]

    FE80::C808:29FF:FE44:0

    2001:DB8:FEED:1::1

Serial2/2              [administratively down/down]

    unassigned

Serial2/3              [administratively down/down]

    unassigned

r1#conf t

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

r1(config)#ipv6 router ? 

  eigrp  Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP)

  ospf   Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)

  rip    IPv6 Routing Information Protocol (RIPv6)

r1(config)#ipv6 router rip ?

  WORD  User selected string identifying this process

r1(config)#ipv6 router rip RIPNG       // NEED TO ENABLE ipv6 unicast-routing BEFORE ENABLING RIPng

r1(config-rtr)#exit

r1(config)#interface loop 0

r1(config-if)#ipv6 rip ?

  WORD  User selected string identifying this RIP process

r1(config-if)#ipv6 rip RIPNG ?

  default-information  Configure handling of default route

  enable               Enable/disable RIP routing

  metric-offset        Adjust default metric increment

  summary-address      Configure address summarization

r1(config-if)#ipv6 rip RIPNG enable     // RIPng PROCESS WILL BE AUTOMATICALLY CREATED IF RIPng IS ENABLED FIRST ON AN INTERFACE

r1(config-if)#

r1(config-if)#interface serial 2/0

r1(config-if)#ipv6 rip RIPNG enable

r2#conf t

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

r2(config)#ipv6 router rip RIPNG

r2(config-rtr)#exit

r2(config)#interface loop 0

r2(config-if)#ipv6 rip RIPNG enable

r2(config-if)#

r2(config-if)#interface loop 10   

r2(config-if)#ipv6 rip RIPNG enable

r2(config-if)#

r2(config-if)#interface loop 11   

r2(config-if)#ipv6 rip RIPNG enable

r2(config-if)#

r2(config-if)#interface loop 12   

r2(config-if)#ipv6 rip RIPNG enable

r2(config-if)#

r2(config-if)#interface serial 2/0

r2(config-if)#ipv6 rip RIPNG enable

r2(config-if)#

r2(config-if)#interface serial 2/1

r2(config-if)#ipv6 rip RIPNG enable

r2#show ipv6 ?      

  access-list         Summary of access lists

  cef                 Cisco Express Forwarding for IPv6

  dhcp                IPv6 DHCP

  eigrp               Show IPv6 EIGRP

  features            IPV6 features

  general-prefix      IPv6 general prefixes

  inspect             CBAC (Context Based Access Control) information

  interface           IPv6 interface status and configuration

  lisp                Locator/ID Separation Protocol

  local               IPv6 local options

  mfib                IP multicast forwarding information base

  mld                 Multicast group membership information

  mobile              Mobile IPv6

  mobile              mobile IPv6

  mrib                Multicast Routing Information Base

  mroute              IPv6 multicast routing table

  mtu                 MTU per destination cache

  nat                 IPv6 NAT-PT information

  neighbors           Show IPv6 neighbor cache entries

  nhrp                NHRP information

  ospf                OSPF information

  pim                 PIM information

  policy              Policy routing

  port-map            Port to Application Mapping (PAM) information

  prefix-list         List IPv6 prefix lists

  protocols           IPv6 Routing Protocols

  rip                 RIP routing protocol status

  route               Show IPv6 route table entries

  routers             Show local IPv6 routers

  rpf                 Multicast RPF information

  rsvp                RSVP show commands

  spd                 IPv6 Selective Packet Discard

  static              IPv6 static routes

  traffic             IPv6 traffic statistics

  virtual-reassembly  IPV6 Virtual Fragment Reassembly (VFR) information

  wccp                WCCP IPv6 information

r2#show ipv6 protocols

IPv6 Routing Protocol is "connected"

IPv6 Routing Protocol is "ND"

IPv6 Routing Protocol is "rip RIPNG"

  Interfaces:

    Serial2/1

    Serial2/0

    Loopback12

    Loopback11

    Loopback10

    Loopback0

  Redistribution:

    None

r1#sh ipv6 protocols

IPv6 Routing Protocol is "connected"

IPv6 Routing Protocol is "ND"

IPv6 Routing Protocol is "rip RIPNG"

  Interfaces:

    Serial2/0

    Loopback0

  Redistribution:

    None

r1#show ipv6 route

IPv6 Routing Table - default - 10 entries

Codes: C - Connected, L - Local, S - Static, U - Per-user Static route

       B - BGP, HA - Home Agent, MR - Mobile Router, R - RIP

       H - NHRP, I1 - ISIS L1, I2 - ISIS L2, IA - ISIS interarea

       IS - ISIS summary, D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, ND - ND Default

       NDp - ND Prefix, DCE - Destination, NDr - Redirect, O - OSPF Intra

       OI - OSPF Inter, OE1 - OSPF ext 1, OE2 - OSPF ext 2, ON1 - OSPF NSSA ext 1

       ON2 - OSPF NSSA ext 2, l - LISP

C   2001:DB8:CAFE:1::/64 [0/0]

     via Loopback0, directly connected

L   2001:DB8:CAFE:1::1/128 [0/0]

     via Loopback0, receive

C   2001:DB8:CAFE:2::/64 [0/0]

     via Serial2/0, directly connected

L   2001:DB8:CAFE:2::1/128 [0/0]

     via Serial2/0, receive

R   2001:DB8:CAFE:3::/64 [120/2]

     via FE80::C80C:28FF:FE64:0, Serial2/0      // NEXT HOP IP IS R2 LINK-LOCAL ADDRESS

R   2001:DB8:CAFE:10::/64 [120/2]

     via FE80::C80C:28FF:FE64:0, Serial2/0

R   2001:DB8:CAFE:11::/64 [120/2]

     via FE80::C80C:28FF:FE64:0, Serial2/0

R   2001:DB8:CAFE:12::/64 [120/2]

     via FE80::C80C:28FF:FE64:0, Serial2/0

R   2001:DB8:FEED:1::/64 [120/2]

     via FE80::C80C:28FF:FE64:0, Serial2/0

L   FF00::/8 [0/0]

     via Null0, receive

r1#

r1#ping 2001:db8:cafe:3::1    

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 2001:DB8:CAFE:3::1, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!

Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 8/10/16 ms

r1#

r1#ping 2001:db8:cafe:10::1

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 2001:DB8:CAFE:10::1, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!

Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 4/6/8 ms

r1#

r1#ping 2001:db8:feed:1::1      // PING TO R3 SERIAL 2/1 FAILED DUE TO UNKNOWN ROUTE

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 2001:DB8:FEED:1::1, timeout is 2 seconds:

.....

Success rate is 0 percent (0/5)

r3#conf t

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

r3(config)#ipv6 route 2001:db8:cafe::/48 2001:db8:feed:1::2       // STATIC ROUTE TO RIPng DOMAIN

r2#conf t

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

r2(config)#ipv6 route ::/0 2001:db8:feed:1::1        // STATIC DEFAULT ROUTE TO R3 (ISP)

r2(config)#

r2(config)#interface serial 2/0

r2(config-if)#ipv6 rip RIPNG ?

  default-information  Configure handling of default route

  enable               Enable/disable RIP routing

  metric-offset        Adjust default metric increment

  summary-address      Configure address summarization

r2(config-if)#ipv6 rip RIPNG default-information ?

  only       Advertise only the default route

  originate  Originate the default route

r2(config-if)#ipv6 rip RIPNG default-information originate       // PROPAGATE DEFAULT ROUTE TO ROUTERS IN  RIPng DOMAIN

r1#show ipv6 route        

IPv6 Routing Table - default - 11 entries

Codes: C - Connected, L - Local, S - Static, U - Per-user Static route

       B - BGP, HA - Home Agent, MR - Mobile Router, R - RIP

       H - NHRP, I1 - ISIS L1, I2 - ISIS L2, IA - ISIS interarea

       IS - ISIS summary, D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, ND - ND Default

       NDp - ND Prefix, DCE - Destination, NDr - Redirect, O - OSPF Intra

       OI - OSPF Inter, OE1 - OSPF ext 1, OE2 - OSPF ext 2, ON1 - OSPF NSSA ext 1

       ON2 - OSPF NSSA ext 2, l - LISP

R   ::/0 [120/2]

     via FE80::C80C:28FF:FE64:0, Serial2/0

C   2001:DB8:CAFE:1::/64 [0/0]

     via Loopback0, directly connected

L   2001:DB8:CAFE:1::1/128 [0/0]

     via Loopback0, receive

C   2001:DB8:CAFE:2::/64 [0/0]

     via Serial2/0, directly connected

L   2001:DB8:CAFE:2::1/128 [0/0]

     via Serial2/0, receive

R   2001:DB8:CAFE:3::/64 [120/2]

     via FE80::C80C:28FF:FE64:0, Serial2/0

R   2001:DB8:CAFE:10::/64 [120/2]

     via FE80::C80C:28FF:FE64:0, Serial2/0

R   2001:DB8:CAFE:11::/64 [120/2]

     via FE80::C80C:28FF:FE64:0, Serial2/0

R   2001:DB8:CAFE:12::/64 [120/2]

     via FE80::C80C:28FF:FE64:0, Serial2/0

R   2001:DB8:FEED:1::/64 [120/2]

     via FE80::C80C:28FF:FE64:0, Serial2/0

L   FF00::/8 [0/0]

     via Null0, receive

r1#ping 2001:db8:feed:1::1

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 2001:DB8:FEED:1::1, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!

Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 8/18/28 ms

r2(config-if)#no ipv6 rip RIPNG default-information originate

r2(config-if)#ipv6 rip RIPNG default-information ?          

  only       Advertise only the default route

  originate  Originate the default route

r2(config-if)#ipv6 rip RIPNG default-information only    // PROPAGATES DEFAULT ROUTE BUT SUPRESSES OTHER ROUTES

r2(config-if)#

r1#show ipv6 route       

IPv6 Routing Table - default - 11 entries

Codes: C - Connected, L - Local, S - Static, U - Per-user Static route

       B - BGP, HA - Home Agent, MR - Mobile Router, R - RIP

       H - NHRP, I1 - ISIS L1, I2 - ISIS L2, IA - ISIS interarea

       IS - ISIS summary, D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, ND - ND Default

       NDp - ND Prefix, DCE - Destination, NDr - Redirect, O - OSPF Intra

       OI - OSPF Inter, OE1 - OSPF ext 1, OE2 - OSPF ext 2, ON1 - OSPF NSSA ext 1

       ON2 - OSPF NSSA ext 2, l - LISP

R   ::/0 [120/2]

     via FE80::C80C:28FF:FE64:0, Serial2/0

C   2001:DB8:CAFE:1::/64 [0/0]

     via Loopback0, directly connected

L   2001:DB8:CAFE:1::1/128 [0/0]

     via Loopback0, receive

C   2001:DB8:CAFE:2::/64 [0/0]

     via Serial2/0, directly connected

L   2001:DB8:CAFE:2::1/128 [0/0]

     via Serial2/0, receive

R   2001:DB8:CAFE:3::/64 [120/2]

     via FE80::C80C:28FF:FE64:0, Serial2/0

R   2001:DB8:CAFE:10::/64 [120/2]

     via FE80::C80C:28FF:FE64:0, Serial2/0

R   2001:DB8:CAFE:11::/64 [120/2]

     via FE80::C80C:28FF:FE64:0, Serial2/0

R   2001:DB8:CAFE:12::/64 [120/2]

     via FE80::C80C:28FF:FE64:0, Serial2/0

R   2001:DB8:FEED:1::/64 [120/2]

     via FE80::C80C:28FF:FE64:0, Serial2/0

L   FF00::/8 [0/0]

     via Null0, receive

r1#

r1#show ipv6 rip 

RIP process "RIPNG", port 521, multicast-group FF02::9, pid 302

     Administrative distance is 120. Maximum paths is 16

     Updates every 30 seconds, expire after 180

     Holddown lasts 0 seconds, garbage collect after 120

     Split horizon is on; poison reverse is off

     Default routes are not generated

     Periodic updates 37, trigger updates 4

     Full Advertisement 0, Delayed Events 0

  Interfaces:

    Serial2/0

    Loopback0

  Redistribution:

    None

r1#

r1#clear ipv6 rip RIPNG      // FORCE R1 TO REFRESH THE RIPNG ROUTING TABLE

r1#

r1#show ipv6 route      // RIPnG ROUTES WERE REMOVED IN THE ROUTING TABLE

IPv6 Routing Table - default - 5 entries

Codes: C - Connected, L - Local, S - Static, U - Per-user Static route

       B - BGP, HA - Home Agent, MR - Mobile Router, R - RIP

       H - NHRP, I1 - ISIS L1, I2 - ISIS L2, IA - ISIS interarea

       IS - ISIS summary, D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, ND - ND Default

       NDp - ND Prefix, DCE - Destination, NDr - Redirect, O - OSPF Intra

       OI - OSPF Inter, OE1 - OSPF ext 1, OE2 - OSPF ext 2, ON1 - OSPF NSSA ext 1

       ON2 - OSPF NSSA ext 2, l - LISP

C   2001:DB8:CAFE:1::/64 [0/0]

     via Loopback0, directly connected

L   2001:DB8:CAFE:1::1/128 [0/0]

     via Loopback0, receive

C   2001:DB8:CAFE:2::/64 [0/0]

     via Serial2/0, directly connected

L   2001:DB8:CAFE:2::1/128 [0/0]

     via Serial2/0, receive

L   FF00::/8 [0/0]

     via Null0, receive

r2#sh ipv6 rip

RIP process "RIPNG", port 521, multicast-group FF02::9, pid 302     // RIPng USES UDP PORT 521, IPv6 MULTICAST GROUP FF02::9

     Administrative distance is 120. Maximum paths is 16

     Updates every 30 seconds, expire after 180

     Holddown lasts 0 seconds, garbage collect after 120

     Split horizon is on; poison reverse is off

     Default routes are generated

     Periodic updates 37, trigger updates 5

     Full Advertisement 0, Delayed Events 0

  Interfaces:

    Serial2/1

    Serial2/0

    Loopback12

    Loopback11

    Loopback10

    Loopback0

  Redistribution:

    None

r2#sh ipv6 rip database

RIP process "RIPNG", local RIB

 2001:DB8:CAFE:1::/64, metric 2, installed

     Serial2/0/FE80::C803:14FF:FEC4:0, expires in 156 secs

 2001:DB8:CAFE:2::/64, metric 2

     Serial2/0/FE80::C803:14FF:FEC4:0, expires in 156 secs

r2#sh ipv6 rip RIPNG next-hops

 RIP process "RIPNG", Next Hops

  FE80::C803:14FF:FEC4:0/Serial2/0 [2 paths]