I finally got my CompTIA network+ cert kit, which includes a congratulatory letter, hard copy cert and wallet ID, after nine agonizing weeks of waiting. According to CompTIA's website, it usually takes up to eight weeks for the cert to be delivered. This is after you've received an email from CompTIA (usually the next business day passing their exam) confirming your name and shipping address. I got my Security+ cert kit after a month last time so it's unusual for it to take this long. So I opened a support case and was advised that it was delivered and have to wait for about eight weeks.
I'm currently going for my Check Point CCSA certification and I might take up CompTIA Linux+ next if time at work permits it. Below is the final lab that I did while stuyding for my Network+
R1(config)#no ip domain-lookup
R1(config)#enable secret cisco
R1(config)#banner motd $
Enter TEXT message. End with the character '$'
********************************
AUTHORIZED ACCESS ONLY
********************************
$
R1(config)#line console 0
R1(config-line)#password cisco
R1(config-line)#login
R1(config-line)#logging synchronous
R1(config-line)#line vty 0 4
R1(config-line)#password cisco
R1(config-line)#login
R1(config-line)#logging synchronous
R2(config)#no ip domain-lookup
R2(config)#enable secret cisco
R2(config)#banner motd $
Enter TEXT message. End with the character '$'
********************************
AUTHORIZED ACCESS ONLY
********************************
$
R2(config)#line console 0
R2(config-line)#password cisco
R2(config-line)#login
R2(config-line)#logging synchronous
R2(config-line)#line vty 0 4
R2(config-line)#password cisco
R2(config-line)#login
R2(config-line)#logging synchronous
R3(config)#no ip domain-lookup
R3(config)#enable secret cisco
R3(config)#banner motd $
Enter TEXT message. End with the character '$'
********************************
AUTHORIZED ACCESS ONLY
********************************
$
R3(config)#line console 0
R3(config-line)#password cisco
R3(config-line)#login
R3(config-line)#logging synchronous
R3(config-line)#line vty 0 4
R3(config-line)#password cisco
R3(config-line)#login
R3(config-line)#logging synchronous
R1(config)#interface fastethernet0/0
R1(config-if)#ip address 172.16.1.17 255.255.255.240
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config-if)#
*Jan 9 08:53:23.983: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed
state to up
R1(config-if)#interface serial0/0/0
R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.252
R1(config-if)#clock rate 64000
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config-if)#
*Jan 9 08:53:56.091: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0/0/0, changed state to down
R1(config-if)#interface serial0/0/1
R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.5 255.255.255.252
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config-if)#
*Jan 9 08:54:21.639: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0/0/1, changed state to down
R2(config)#interface fastethernet0/0
R2(config-if)#ip address 10.10.10.1 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
R2(config-if)#
*Jan 9 08:45:52.319: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed
state to up
R2(config-if)#interface serial0/0/0
R2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.2 255.255.255.252
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
R2(config-if)#
*Jan 9 08:46:15.763: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0/0/0, changed state to up
*Jan 9 08:46:16.763: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0/0, changed state
to up
R2(config-if)#interface serial0/0/1
R2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.9 255.255.255.252
R2(config-if)#clock rate 64000
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
R2(config-if)#
*Jan 9 08:46:42.483: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0/0/1, changed state to down
R3(config)#interface fastethernet0/0
R3(config-if)#ip address 172.16.1.33 255.255.255.248
R3(config-if)#no shutdown
R3(config-if)#
*Jan 9 08:55:00.139: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
*Jan 9 08:55:01.139: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed
state to up
R3(config-if)#interface serial0/0/0
R3(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.6 255.255.255.252
R3(config-if)#clock rate 64000
R3(config-if)#no shutdown
R3(config-if)#
*Jan 9 08:55:26.939: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0/0/0, changed state to up
*Jan 9 08:55:27.939: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0/0, changed state
to up
R3(config-if)#interface serial0/0/1
R3(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.10 255.255.255.252
R3(config-if)#no shutdown
R3(config-if)#
*Jan 9 08:55:50.003: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0/0/1, changed state to up
*Jan 9 08:55:51.003: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0/1, changed state
to up
R1#show ip interface brief
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
FastEthernet0/0 172.16.1.17 YES manual up up
FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES NVRAM administratively down down
Serial0/0/0 192.168.10.1 YES manual up up
Serial0/0/1 192.168.10.5 YES manual up up
Serial0/1/0 unassigned YES NVRAM administratively down down
Serial0/1/1 unassigned YES NVRAM administratively down down
R2#show ip interface brief
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
FastEthernet0/0 10.10.10.1 YES manual up up
FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES NVRAM administratively down down
Serial0/0/0 192.168.10.2 YES manual up up
Serial0/0/1 192.168.10.9 YES manual up up
R3#show ip interface brief
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
FastEthernet0/0 172.16.1.33 YES manual up up
FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES NVRAM administratively down down
Serial0/0/0 192.168.10.6 YES manual up up
Serial0/0/1 192.168.10.10 YES manual up up
R1(config)#router ospf ?
<1-65535> Process ID
R1(config)#router ospf 1
R1(config-router)#?
Router configuration commands:
area OSPF area parameters
auto-cost Calculate OSPF interface cost according to bandwidth
bfd BFD configuration commands
capability Enable specific OSPF feature
compatible OSPF compatibility list
default Set a command to its defaults
default-information Control distribution of default information
default-metric Set metric of redistributed routes
discard-route Enable or disable discard-route installation
distance Define an administrative distance
distribute-list Filter networks in routing updates
domain-id OSPF domain-id
domain-tag OSPF domain-tag
exit Exit from routing protocol configuration mode
help Description of the interactive help system
ignore Do not complain about specific event
interface-id Source of the interface ID
ispf Enable incremental SPF computation
limit Limit a specific OSPF feature
local-rib-criteria Enable or disable usage of local RIB as route criteria
log-adjacency-changes Log changes in adjacency state
max-lsa maximum number of LSAs OSPF process will receive
max-metric Set maximum metric
maximum-paths Forward packets over multiple paths
mpls Configure MPLS routing protocol parameters
neighbor Specify a neighbor router
network Enable routing on an IP network
no Negate a command or set its defaults
nsf Non-stop forwarding
passive-interface Suppress routing updates on an interface
prefix-suppression OSPF prefix suppression
process-min-time Percentage of quantum to be used before releasing CPU
queue-depth OSPF Hello/Router process queue depth
redistribute Redistribute information from another routing protocol
router-id router-id for this OSPF process
summary-address Configure IP address summaries
timers Adjust routing timers
traffic-share How to compute traffic share over alternate paths
R1(config-router)#network 172.16.1.16 0.0.0.15 ?
area Set the OSPF area ID
R1(config-router)#network 172.16.1.16 0.0.0.15 area ?
<0-4294967295> OSPF area ID as a decimal value
A.B.C.D OSPF area ID in IP address format
R1(config-router)#network 172.16.1.16 0.0.0.15 area 0 // INCLUDE 172.16.1.16/28 IN R1'S OSPF
UPDATES; NETWORK COMMAND IN OSPF IS SIMILAR TO OSPF; WILDCARD MASK IN OSPF IS REQUIRED
R1(config-router)#network 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
R1(config-router)#network 192.168.10.4 0.0.0.3 area 0
R2(config)#router ospf 1
R2(config-router)#network 10.10.10.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R2(config-router)#network 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
R2(config-router)#
*Jan 9 08:55:01.783: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.10.5 on Serial0/0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done // R2 FORMED AN OSPF ADJACENCY WITH R1 VIA S0/0/0 LINK
R2(config-router)#network 192.168.10.8 0.0.0.3 area 0
R3(config)#router ospf 1
R3(config-router)#network 172.16.1.32 0.0.0.7 area 0
R3(config-router)#network 192.168.10.4 0.0.0.3 area 0
R3(config-router)#
*Jan 9 09:04:16.811: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.10.5 on Serial0/0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
R3(config-router)#network 192.168.10.8 0.0.0.3 area 0
R3(config-router)#
*Jan 9 09:04:25.855: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.10.9 on Serial0/0/1 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
R3#show ip protocols
Routing Protocol is "ospf 1"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Router ID 192.168.10.10 // OSPF ROUTER IS USED TO UNIQUELY IDENTIFY THE ROUTER IS OSPF ROUTING DOMAIN; ROUTER ID IS AN IP ADDRESS FORMAT; OSPF CHOOSE THE ROUTER ID WITH THE FOLLOWING ORDER: IP ADDRESS COFNIGURED VIA router-id COMMAND; LOOPBACK INTERFACE WITH HIGHEST IP ADDRESS; HIGHEST ACTIVE PHYSICAL IP ADDRESS
Number of areas in this router is 1. 1 normal 0 stub 0 nssa
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
172.16.1.32 0.0.0.7 area 0
192.168.10.4 0.0.0.3 area 0
192.168.10.8 0.0.0.3 area 0
Reference bandwidth unit is 100 mbps
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
192.168.10.5 110 00:01:20
192.168.10.9 110 00:01:10
Distance: (default is 110)
R3#show ip ospf
Routing Process "ospf 1" with ID 192.168.10.10
Start time: 00:18:07.352, Time elapsed: 00:01:52.056
Supports only single TOS(TOS0) routes
Supports opaque LSA
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Supports area transit capability
Router is not originating router-LSAs with maximum metric
Initial SPF schedule delay 5000 msecs
Minimum hold time between two consecutive SPFs 10000 msecs
Maximum wait time between two consecutive SPFs 10000 msecs
Incremental-SPF disabled
Minimum LSA interval 5 secs
Minimum LSA arrival 1000 msecs
LSA group pacing timer 240 secs
Interface flood pacing timer 33 msecs
Retransmission pacing timer 66 msecs
Number of external LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x000000
Number of opaque AS LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x000000
Number of DCbitless external and opaque AS LSA 0
Number of DoNotAge external and opaque AS LSA 0
Number of areas in this router is 1. 1 normal 0 stub 0 nssa
Number of areas transit capable is 0
External flood list length 0
IETF NSF helper support enabled
Cisco NSF helper support enabled
Area BACKBONE(0)
Number of interfaces in this area is 3
Area has no authentication
SPF algorithm last executed 00:01:16.160 ago
SPF algorithm executed 3 times
Area ranges are
Number of LSA 3. Checksum Sum 0x01398D
Number of opaque link LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x000000
Number of DCbitless LSA 0
Number of indication LSA 0
Number of DoNotAge LSA 0
Flood list length 0
R3#show ip ospf interface
Serial0/0/1 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 192.168.10.10/30, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 192.168.10.10, Network Type POINT_TO_POINT, Cost: 64
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:02
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Cisco NSF helper support enabled
IETF NSF helper support enabled
Index 3/3, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 1
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1
Adjacent with neighbor 192.168.10.9
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
Serial0/0/0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 192.168.10.6/30, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 192.168.10.10, Network Type POINT_TO_POINT, Cost: 64
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:02
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Cisco NSF helper support enabled
IETF NSF helper support enabled
Index 2/2, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 1
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1
Adjacent with neighbor 192.168.10.5
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
FastEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 172.16.1.33/29, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 192.168.10.10, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 1
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State DR, Priority 1
Designated Router (ID) 192.168.10.10, Interface address 172.16.1.33
No backup designated router on this network
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:02
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Cisco NSF helper support enabled
IETF NSF helper support enabled
Index 1/1, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 0, maximum is 0
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
Neighbor Count is 0, Adjacent neighbor count is 0
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
R1#show ip protocols
Routing Protocol is "ospf 1"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Router ID 192.168.10.5
Number of areas in this router is 1. 1 normal 0 stub 0 nssa
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
172.16.1.16 0.0.0.15 area 0
192.168.10.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
192.168.10.4 0.0.0.3 area 0
Reference bandwidth unit is 100 mbps
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
192.168.10.10 110 00:09:03
192.168.10.9 110 00:10:29
Distance: (default is 110)
R2#show ip protocols
Routing Protocol is "ospf 1"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Router ID 192.168.10.9
Number of areas in this router is 1. 1 normal 0 stub 0 nssa
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
10.10.10.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
192.168.10.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
192.168.10.8 0.0.0.3 area 0
Reference bandwidth unit is 100 mbps
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
192.168.10.5 110 00:11:22
192.168.10.10 110 00:09:32
Distance: (default is 110)
R1(config)#interface loopback0
R1(config-if)#
*Jan 9 09:16:47.651: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Loopback0, changed state to up
R1(config-if)#ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.255
R2(config)#interface loopback0
R2(config-if)#
*Jan 9 09:08:09.991: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Loopback0, changed state to up
R2(config-if)#ip address 10.2.2.2 255.255.255.255
R3(config)#interface loopback0
R3(config-if)#
*Jan 9 09:16:59.455: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Loopback0, changed state to up
R3(config-if)#ip address 10.3.3.3 255.255.255.255
R3#show ip protocols
Routing Protocol is "ospf 1"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Router ID 192.168.10.10 // OSPF WILL NOT CHOOSE A NEW ROUTER ID UNLESS OSPF PROCESS IS RESTARTED
Number of areas in this router is 1. 1 normal 0 stub 0 nssa
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
172.16.1.32 0.0.0.7 area 0
192.168.10.4 0.0.0.3 area 0
192.168.10.8 0.0.0.3 area 0
Reference bandwidth unit is 100 mbps
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
192.168.10.5 110 00:13:13
192.168.10.9 110 00:13:03
Distance: (default is 110)
R3#clear ip ospf ?
<1-65535> Process ID number
counters OSPF counters
process Reset OSPF process
redistribution Clear OSPF route redistribution
traffic Traffic related statistics
R3#clear ip ospf process
Reset ALL OSPF processes? [no]: yes
R3#
*Jan 9 09:24:14.075: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.10.9 on Serial0/0/1 from FULL to DOWN, Neighbor Down: Interface down or detached
*Jan 9 09:24:14.075: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.10.5 on Serial0/0/0 from FULL to DOWN, Neighbor Down: Interface down or detached
*Jan 9 09:24:14.215: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.10.9 on Serial0/0/1 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
*Jan 9 09:24:14.215: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.10.5 on Serial0/0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
R1#clear ip ospf process
Reset ALL OSPF processes? [no]: yes
R1#
*Jan 9 09:25:15.659: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.10.10 on Serial0/0/1 from FULL to
DOWN, Neighbor Down: Interface down or detached
*Jan 9 09:25:15.659: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.10.9 on Serial0/0/0 from FULL to
DOWN, Neighbor Down: Interface down or detached
*Jan 9 09:25:15.791: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.10.10 on Serial0/0/1 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
*Jan 9 09:25:15.791: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.10.9 on Serial0/0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
R2#clear ip ospf process
Reset ALL OSPF processes? [no]: yes
R2#
*Jan 9 09:15:06.451: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.10.10 on Serial0/0/1 from FULL to DOWN, Neighbor Down: Interface down or detached
*Jan 9 09:15:06.451: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.10.5 on Serial0/0/0 from FULL to DOWN, Neighbor Down: Interface down or detached
*Jan 9 09:15:06.583: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.10.10 on Serial0/0/1 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
*Jan 9 09:15:06.583: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.10.5 on Serial0/0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
R2#show ip protocols
Routing Protocol is "ospf 1"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Router ID 192.168.10.9 // ROUTER ID DIDN'T CHANGE AFTER OSPF PROCESS RESET
Number of areas in this router is 1. 1 normal 0 stub 0 nssa
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
10.10.10.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
192.168.10.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
192.168.10.8 0.0.0.3 area 0
Reference bandwidth unit is 100 mbps
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
192.168.10.5 110 00:02:47
192.168.10.10 110 00:02:14
Distance: (default is 110)
R2#reload
Proceed with reload? [confirm]
<OUTPUT TRUNCATED>
R2#show ip protocols
Routing Protocol is "ospf 1"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Router ID 10.2.2.2 // ROUTER ID CHANGED AFTER R2 REBOOTS
Number of areas in this router is 1. 1 normal 0 stub 0 nssa
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
10.10.10.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
192.168.10.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
192.168.10.8 0.0.0.3 area 0
Reference bandwidth unit is 100 mbps
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
192.168.10.5 110 00:00:11
192.168.10.10 110 00:00:11
Distance: (default is 110)
R2#show ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
192.168.10.10 0 FULL/ - 00:00:32 192.168.10.6 Serial0/0/1
10.2.2.2 0 FULL/ - 00:00:37 192.168.10.2 Serial0/0/0
R1(config)#router ospf 1
R1(config-router)#router-id ?
A.B.C.D OSPF router-id in IP address format
R1(config-router)#router-id 10.4.4.4 // HARCODE ROUTER ID VIA router-id COMMAND
Reload or use "clear ip ospf process" command, for this to take effect
R1(config-router)#end
R1#
*Jan 9 09:33:04.199: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
R1#clear ip ospf process
Reset ALL OSPF processes? [no]: yes
R1#
*Jan 9 09:33:12.271: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.10.10 on Serial0/0/1 from FULL to
DOWN, Neighbor Down: Interface down or detached
*Jan 9 09:33:12.271: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 10.2.2.2 on Serial0/0/0 from FULL to DOWN, Neighbor Down: Interface down or detached
*Jan 9 09:33:12.403: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.10.10 on Serial0/0/1 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
*Jan 9 09:33:12.403: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 10.2.2.2 on Serial0/0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
R1#show ip protocols
Routing Protocol is "ospf 1"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Router ID 10.4.4.4
Number of areas in this router is 1. 1 normal 0 stub 0 nssa
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
172.16.1.16 0.0.0.15 area 0
192.168.10.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
192.168.10.4 0.0.0.3 area 0
Reference bandwidth unit is 100 mbps
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
10.2.2.2 110 00:00:58
192.168.10.10 110 00:00:58
192.168.10.9 110 00:08:55
Distance: (default is 110)
R2#show ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
192.168.10.10 0 FULL/ - 00:00:36 192.168.10.10 Serial0/0/1
10.4.4.4 0 FULL/ - 00:00:35 192.168.10.1 Serial0/0/0 // VERIFY R1's ROUTER ID ON R2
R1(config)#router ospf 1
R1(config-router)#no router-id 10.4.4.4 // REMOVE router-id TO FORCE R1 TO USE LOOPBACK IP ADDRESS AS ITS ROUTER ID; VERY USEFUL TRICK AND THERE'S NO NEED TO RELOAD R1
Reload or use "clear ip ospf process" command, for this to take effect
R1(config-router)#end
R1#
*Jan 9 09:41:42.479: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
R1#clear ip ospf process
Reset ALL OSPF processes? [no]: yes
R1#
*Jan 9 09:41:48.779: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.10.10 on Serial0/0/1 from FULL to DOWN, Neighbor Down: Interface down or detached
*Jan 9 09:41:48.779: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 10.2.2.2 on Serial0/0/0 from FULL to DOWN, Neighbor Down: Interface down or detached
*Jan 9 09:41:48.911: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.10.10 on Serial0/0/1 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
*Jan 9 09:41:48.911: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 10.2.2.2 on Serial0/0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
R1#show ip protocols
Routing Protocol is "ospf 1"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Router ID 10.1.1.1 // LOOPBACK IP ADDRESS BECOMES THE ROUTER ID; NO REBOOT NEEDED
Number of areas in this router is 1. 1 normal 0 stub 0 nssa
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
172.16.1.16 0.0.0.15 area 0
192.168.10.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
192.168.10.4 0.0.0.3 area 0
Reference bandwidth unit is 100 mbps
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
10.2.2.2 110 00:00:45
192.168.10.10 110 00:00:45
192.168.10.9 110 00:17:18
Distance: (default is 110)
R3#show ip protocols
Routing Protocol is "ospf 1"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Router ID 192.168.10.10
Number of areas in this router is 1. 1 normal 0 stub 0 nssa
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
172.16.1.32 0.0.0.7 area 0
192.168.10.4 0.0.0.3 area 0
192.168.10.8 0.0.0.3 area 0
Reference bandwidth unit is 100 mbps
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
10.2.2.2 110 00:03:30
10.1.1.1 110 00:02:15
10.4.4.4 110 00:10:52
192.168.10.5 110 00:13:05
192.168.10.9 110 00:18:15
Distance: (default is 110)
R3#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R3(config)#router ospf 1
R3(config-router)#router-id 1.1.1.1
Reload or use "clear ip ospf process" command, for this to take effect
R3(config-router)#do clear ip ospf process
Reset ALL OSPF processes? [no]: yes
R3(config-router)#
*Jan 9 09:43:07.639: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 10.2.2.2 on Serial0/0/1 from FULL to DOWN, Neighbor Down: Interface down or detached
*Jan 9 09:43:07.639: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 10.1.1.1 on Serial0/0/0 from FULL to DOWN, Neighbor Down: Interface down or detached
*Jan 9 09:43:07.771: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 10.2.2.2 on Serial0/0/1 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
*Jan 9 09:43:07.771: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 10.1.1.1 on Serial0/0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
R3(config-router)#
R3(config-router)#do show ip protocols
Routing Protocol is "ospf 1"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Router ID 1.1.1.1
Number of areas in this router is 1. 1 normal 0 stub 0 nssa
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
172.16.1.32 0.0.0.7 area 0
192.168.10.4 0.0.0.3 area 0
192.168.10.8 0.0.0.3 area 0
Reference bandwidth unit is 100 mbps
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
10.2.2.2 110 00:00:01
10.1.1.1 110 00:00:01
10.4.4.4 110 00:11:31
192.168.10.5 110 00:13:44
192.168.10.9 110 00:18:54
Distance: (default is 110)
R3(config-router)#no router-id 1.1.1.1 //
Reload or use "clear ip ospf process" command, for this to take effect
R3(config-router)#end
R3#clear
*Jan 9 09:43:24.003: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
R3#clear ip ospf process
Reset ALL OSPF processes? [no]: yes
R3#
*Jan 9 09:43:29.475: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 10.2.2.2 on Serial0/0/1 from FULL to DOWN, Neighbor Down: Interface down or detached
*Jan 9 09:43:29.475: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 10.1.1.1 on Serial0/0/0 from FULL to DOWN, Neighbor Down: Interface down or detached
*Jan 9 09:43:29.615: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 10.2.2.2 on Serial0/0/1 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
*Jan 9 09:43:29.615: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 10.1.1.1 on Serial0/0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
R3#
R3#shoow ip protocols
Routing Protocol is "ospf 1"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Router ID 10.3.3.3 // ROUTER ID USING R3 LOOPBACK IP ADDRESS; NO REBOOT NEEDED
Number of areas in this router is 1. 1 normal 0 stub 0 nssa
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
172.16.1.32 0.0.0.7 area 0
192.168.10.4 0.0.0.3 area 0
192.168.10.8 0.0.0.3 area 0
Reference bandwidth unit is 100 mbps
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
10.2.2.2 110 00:00:01
10.1.1.1 110 00:00:01
10.4.4.4 110 00:11:53
192.168.10.5 110 00:14:06
192.168.10.9 110 00:19:16
Distance: (default is 110)
R1#show ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
10.3.3.3 0 FULL/ - 00:00:31 192.168.10.6 Serial0/0/1
10.2.2.2 0 FULL/ - 00:00:38 192.168.10.2 Serial0/0/0
R2#show ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
10.3.3.3 0 FULL/ - 00:00:38 192.168.10.10 Serial0/0/1
10.1.1.1 0 FULL/ - 00:00:32 192.168.10.1 Serial0/0/0
R3#show ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
10.2.2.2 0 FULL/ - 00:00:30 192.168.10.9 Serial0/0/1
10.1.1.1 0 FULL/ - 00:00:38 192.168.10.5 Serial0/0/0
R1#show ip route // OSPF ROUTES ARE DENOTED WITH AN "O" AND DOESN'T AUTO SUMMARIZE AT MAJOR
NETWORK BOUNDARY
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
192.168.10.0/30 is subnetted, 3 subnets
C 192.168.10.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0
C 192.168.10.4 is directly connected, Serial0/0/1
O 192.168.10.8 [110/128] via 192.168.10.6, 00:02:15, Serial0/0/1
[110/128] via 192.168.10.2, 00:02:15, Serial0/0/0
172.16.0.0/16 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
O 172.16.1.32/29 [110/65] via 192.168.10.6, 00:02:15, Serial0/0/1
C 172.16.1.16/28 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
O 10.10.10.0/24 [110/65] via 192.168.10.2, 00:01:47, Serial0/0/0 // R1'S COST TO 10.10.10.0/24 IS 65
C 10.1.1.1/32 is directly connected, Loopback0
R1#show interface serial0/0/0
Serial0/0/0 is up, line protocol is up
Hardware is GT96K Serial
Internet address is 192.168.10.1/30
MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit/sec, DLY 20000 usec, // SERIAL LINKS DEFAULTS TO 1.544 Kbps
reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255
Encapsulation HDLC, loopback not set
Keepalive set (10 sec)
CRC checking enabled
Last input 00:00:01, output 00:00:00, output hang never
Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
Input queue: 0/75/0/0 (size/max/drops/flushes); Total output drops: 0
Queueing strategy: fifo
Output queue: 0/40 (size/max)
5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
134 packets input, 10716 bytes, 0 no buffer
Received 66 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
135 packets output, 11016 bytes, 0 underruns
0 output errors, 0 collisions, 6 interface resets
0 unknown protocol drops
0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
7 carrier transitions
DCD=up DSR=up DTR=up RTS=up CTS=up
R1(config)#interface serial0/0/0
R1(config-if)#bandwidth 64 // CHANGE BANDWIDTH TO CALCULATE CORRECT OSPF COST
R1(config-if)#interface serial0/0/1
R1(config-if)#bandwidth 64
R2(config)#interface serial0/0/0
R2(config-if)#bandwidth 64
R2(config-if)#interface serial0/0/1
R2(config-if)#bandwidth 64
R1#show ip ospf interface
Serial0/0/1 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 192.168.10.5/30, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 10.1.1.1, Network Type POINT_TO_POINT, Cost: 1562 // OSPF COST = 10^8 / 64,000
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:01
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Cisco NSF helper support enabled
IETF NSF helper support enabled
Index 3/3, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 1
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 4 msec
Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1
Adjacent with neighbor 10.3.3.3
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
Serial0/0/0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 192.168.10.1/30, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 10.1.1.1, Network Type POINT_TO_POINT, Cost: 1562
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:05
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Cisco NSF helper support enabled
IETF NSF helper support enabled
Index 2/2, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 1
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1
Adjacent with neighbor 10.2.2.2
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
FastEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 172.16.1.17/28, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 10.1.1.1, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 1
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State DR, Priority 1
Designated Router (ID) 10.1.1.1, Interface address 172.16.1.17
No backup designated router on this network
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:05
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Cisco NSF helper support enabled
IETF NSF helper support enabled
Index 1/1, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 0, maximum is 0
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
Neighbor Count is 0, Adjacent neighbor count is 0
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
R3(config)#interface serial0/0/0
R3(config-if)#ip ospf ?
<1-65535> Process ID
authentication Enable authentication
authentication-key Authentication password (key)
cost Interface cost
database-filter Filter OSPF LSA during synchronization and flooding
dead-interval Interval after which a neighbor is declared dead
demand-circuit OSPF demand circuit
flood-reduction OSPF Flood Reduction
hello-interval Time between HELLO packets
lls Link-local Signaling (LLS) support
message-digest-key Message digest authentication password (key)
mtu-ignore Ignores the MTU in DBD packets
network Network type
prefix-suppression OSPF prefix suppression
priority Router priority
resync-timeout Interval after which adjacency is reset if oob-resync is
not started
retransmit-interval Time between retransmitting lost link state
advertisements
transmit-delay Link state transmit delay
R3(config-if)#ip ospf cost ?
<1-65535> Cost
R3(config-if)#ip ospf cost 1562 // ALTERNATIVE METHOD TO USING BANDWIDTH COMMAND
R3(config-if)#interface serial0/0/1
R3(config-if)#ip ospf cost 1562
R3#show ip ospf interface
Serial0/0/1 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 192.168.10.10/30, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 10.3.3.3, Network Type POINT_TO_POINT, Cost: 1562
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:00
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Cisco NSF helper support enabled
IETF NSF helper support enabled
Index 3/3, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 1
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1
Adjacent with neighbor 10.2.2.2
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
Serial0/0/0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 192.168.10.6/30, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 10.3.3.3, Network Type POINT_TO_POINT, Cost: 1562
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:06
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Cisco NSF helper support enabled
IETF NSF helper support enabled
Index 2/2, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 1
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1
Adjacent with neighbor 10.1.1.1
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
FastEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 172.16.1.33/29, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 10.3.3.3, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 1
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State DR, Priority 1
Designated Router (ID) 10.3.3.3, Interface address 172.16.1.33
No backup designated router on this network
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:00
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Cisco NSF helper support enabled
IETF NSF helper support enabled
Index 1/1, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 0, maximum is 0
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
Neighbor Count is 0, Adjacent neighbor count is 0
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
R1(config)#interface loopback1 // SIMULATE A LINK TO ISP ROUTER
R1(config-if)#
*Jan 9 12:10:19.339: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Loopback1, changed state to up
R1(config-if)#ip address 172.30.1.1 255.255.255.252
R1(config-if)#exit
R1(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 loopback1 // CONFIGURE A STATIC DEFAULT ROUTE
R1(config)#router ospf 1
R1(config-router)#default-information ?
originate Distribute a default route
R1(config-router)#default-information originate // INCLUDE STATIC ROUTE IN OSPF UPDATE FROM R1
R2#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is 192.168.10.1 to network 0.0.0.0
192.168.10.0/30 is subnetted, 3 subnets
C 192.168.10.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0
O 192.168.10.4 [110/3124] via 192.168.10.10, 00:04:07, Serial0/0/1
[110/3124] via 192.168.10.1, 00:04:07, Serial0/0/0
C 192.168.10.8 is directly connected, Serial0/0/1
172.16.0.0/16 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
O 172.16.1.32/29 [110/1563] via 192.168.10.10, 00:06:24, Serial0/0/1
O 172.16.1.16/28 [110/1563] via 192.168.10.1, 00:06:24, Serial0/0/0
10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 10.2.2.2/32 is directly connected, Loopback0
C 10.10.10.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
O*E2 0.0.0.0/0 [110/1] via 192.168.10.1, 00:00:38, Serial0/0/0
R3#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is 192.168.10.5 to network 0.0.0.0
192.168.10.0/30 is subnetted, 3 subnets
O 192.168.10.0 [110/3124] via 192.168.10.9, 00:04:32, Serial0/0/1
[110/3124] via 192.168.10.5, 00:04:32, Serial0/0/0
C 192.168.10.4 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0
C 192.168.10.8 is directly connected, Serial0/0/1
172.16.0.0/16 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 172.16.1.32/29 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
O 172.16.1.16/28 [110/1563] via 192.168.10.5, 00:04:42, Serial0/0/0
10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 10.3.3.3/32 is directly connected, Loopback0
O 10.10.10.0/24 [110/1563] via 192.168.10.9, 00:04:32, Serial0/0/1
O*E2 0.0.0.0/0 [110/1] via 192.168.10.5, 00:01:13, Serial0/0/0
R1(config)#router ospf 1
R1(config-router)#auto-cost ?
reference-bandwidth Use reference bandwidth method to assign OSPF cost
<cr>
R1(config-router)#auto-cost reference-bandwidth ?
<1-4294967> The reference bandwidth in terms of Mbits per second
R1(config-router)#auto-cost reference-bandwidth 10000 // ADJUST THE REFERENCE BANDWIDTH VALUE TO SIMULATE TO 10 GIG SPEED; CONFIGURE ON ALL ROUTERS IN OSPF ROUTING DOMAIN
% OSPF: Reference bandwidth is changed.
Please ensure reference bandwidth is consistent across all routers.
R2(config)#router ospf 1
R2(config-router)#auto-cost reference-bandwidth 10000
% OSPF: Reference bandwidth is changed.
Please ensure reference bandwidth is consistent across all routers.
R3(config)#router ospf 1
R3(config-router)#auto-cost reference-bandwidth 10000
% OSPF: Reference bandwidth is changed.
Please ensure reference bandwidth is consistent across all routers.
R1#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is 0.0.0.0 to network 0.0.0.0
192.168.10.0/30 is subnetted, 3 subnets
C 192.168.10.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0
C 192.168.10.4 is directly connected, Serial0/0/1
O 192.168.10.8 [110/67097] via 192.168.10.6, 00:02:29, Serial0/0/1
172.16.0.0/16 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
O 172.16.1.32/29 [110/65635] via 192.168.10.6, 00:01:27, Serial0/0/1
C 172.16.1.16/28 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
172.30.0.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 172.30.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback1
10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
O 10.10.10.0/24 [110/65635] via 192.168.10.2, 00:01:55, Serial0/0/0
C 10.1.1.1/32 is directly connected, Loopback0
S* 0.0.0.0/0 is directly connected, Loopback1
R1#show ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
10.3.3.3 0 FULL/ - 00:00:31 192.168.10.6 Serial0/0/1 // DEAD TIMER IS 40 SECONDS BY DEFAULT
10.2.2.2 0 FULL/ - 00:00:36 192.168.10.2 Serial0/0/0
R1(config)#interface serial0/0/0
R1(config-if)#ip ospf ?
<1-65535> Process ID
authentication Enable authentication
authentication-key Authentication password (key)
cost Interface cost
database-filter Filter OSPF LSA during synchronization and flooding
dead-interval Interval after which a neighbor is declared dead
demand-circuit OSPF demand circuit
flood-reduction OSPF Flood Reduction
hello-interval Time between HELLO packets
lls Link-local Signaling (LLS) support
message-digest-key Message digest authentication password (key)
mtu-ignore Ignores the MTU in DBD packets
network Network type
prefix-suppression OSPF prefix suppression
priority Router priority
resync-timeout Interval after which adjacency is reset if oob-resync is
not started
retransmit-interval Time between retransmitting lost link state
advertisements
transmit-delay Link state transmit delay
R1(config-if)#ip ospf hello-interval ?
<1-65535> Seconds
R1(config-if)#ip ospf hello-interval 5
R1(config-if)#ip ospf dead-interval ?
<1-65535> Seconds
minimal Set to 1 second
R1(config-if)#ip ospf dead-interval 20
R1(config-if)#
*Jan 9 12:24:16.687: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 10.2.2.2 on Serial0/0/0 from FULL to DOWN, Neighbor Down: Dead timer expired // HELLO AND DEAD TIMER INTERVAL MUST BE IDENTICAL WITH R2 S0/0/0
R2(config)#interface serial0/0/0
R2(config-if)#ip ospf hello-interval 5
R2(config-if)#ip ospf de
*Jan 9 12:16:22.383: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 10.1.1.1 on Serial0/0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done // OSPF ADJACENCY FORMED WITH R1
R2(config-if)#ip ospf dead-interval 20
R2#show ip ospf interface serial0/0/0
Serial0/0/0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 192.168.10.2/30, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 10.2.2.2, Network Type POINT_TO_POINT, Cost: 65535
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT
Timer intervals configured, Hello 5, Dead 20, Wait 20, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:03
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Cisco NSF helper support enabled
IETF NSF helper support enabled
Index 2/2, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 1
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 4 msec
Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1
Adjacent with neighbor 10.1.1.1
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
R1#show ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
10.3.3.3 0 FULL/ - 00:00:35 192.168.10.6 Serial0/0/1
10.2.2.2 0 FULL/ - 00:00:17 192.168.10.2 Serial0/0/0 // OSPF ADJACENCY FORMED WITH R2
Scenario B: Configure OSPF on a Multi-access Network
R1(config)#no ip domain-lookup
R1(config)#enable secret cisco
R1(config)#banner motd $
Enter TEXT message. End with the character '$'
********************************
AUTHORIZED ACCESS ONLY
********************************
$
R1(config)#line console 0
R1(config-line)#password cisco
R1(config-line)#login
R1(config-line)#logging synchronous
R1(config-line)#line vty 0 4
R1(config-line)#password cisco
R1(config-line)#login
R1(config-line)#logging synchronous
R2(config)#no ip domain-lookup
R2(config)#enable secret cisco
R2(config)#banner motd $
Enter TEXT message. End with the character '$'
********************************
AUTHORIZED ACCESS ONLY
********************************
$
R2(config)#line console 0
R2(config-line)#password cisco
R2(config-line)#login
R2(config-line)#logging synchronous
R2(config-line)#line vty 0 4
R2(config-line)#password cisco
R2(config-line)#login
R2(config-line)#logging synchronous
R3(config)#no ip domain-lookup
R3(config)#enable secret cisco
R3(config)#banner motd $
Enter TEXT message. End with the character '$'
********************************
AUTHORIZED ACCESS ONLY
********************************
$
R3(config)#line console 0
R3(config-line)#password cisco
R3(config-line)#login
R3(config-line)#logging synchronous
R3(config-line)#line vty 0 4
R3(config-line)#password cisco
R3(config-line)#login
R3(config-line)#logging synchronous
R1(config)#interface fastethernet0/0
R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config-if)#
*Jan 10 10:57:08.419: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
*Jan 10 10:57:09.419: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
R1(config-if)#interface loopback1
R1(config-if)#
*Jan 10 10:57:17.439: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Loopback1, changed state to up
R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.31.11 255.255.255.255
R2(config)#interface fastethernet0/0
R2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
R2(config-if)#
*Jan 10 10:49:15.895: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
*Jan 10 10:49:16.895: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed
state to up
R2(config-if)#interface loopback1
R2(config-if)#
*Jan 10 10:49:23.119: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Loopback1, changed state to up
R2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.31.22 255.255.255.255
R3(config)#interface fastethernet0/0
R3(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.3 255.255.255.0
R3(config-if)#no shutdown
R3(config-if)#
*Jan 10 10:59:13.107: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
*Jan 10 10:59:14.107: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed
state to up
R3(config-if)#interface loopback1
R3(config-if)#
*Jan 10 10:59:19.383: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Loopback1, changed state to up
R3(config-if)#ip address 192.168.31.33 255.255.255.255
R1#show ip interface brief
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
FastEthernet0/0 192.168.1.1 YES manual up up
FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Serial0/0/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Serial0/0/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Serial0/1/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Serial0/1/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Loopback1 192.168.31.11 YES manual up up
R2#show ip interface brief
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
FastEthernet0/0 192.168.1.2 YES manual up up
FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Serial0/0/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Serial0/0/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Loopback1 192.168.31.22 YES manual up up
R3#show ip interface brief
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
FastEthernet0/0 192.168.1.3 YES manual up up
FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Serial0/0/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Serial0/0/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Loopback1 192.168.31.33 YES manual up up
R3(config)#router ospf 1
R3(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R3(config-router)#end
R3#
*Jan 10 11:03:00.407: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
R3#show ip ospf interface
FastEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 192.168.1.3/24, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 192.168.31.33, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 1
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State WAITING, Priority 1
No designated router on this network
No backup designated router on this network
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:01
Wait time before Designated router selection 00:00:12
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Cisco NSF helper support enabled
IETF NSF helper support enabled
Index 1/1, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 0, maximum is 0
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
Neighbor Count is 0, Adjacent neighbor count is 0
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
R3#show ip ospf interface
FastEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 192.168.1.3/24, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 192.168.31.33, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 1
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State DR, Priority 1 // DR AND BDR ELECTION TAKES PLACE AS SSON AS THE FIRST ROUTER HAS AN OSPF INTERFACE ENABLED ON A MULTIACCESS NETWORK; A NEW ROUTER WILL NOT BECOME THE DR OR BDR EVEN IT HAS A HIGHER OSPF INTERFACE PRIORITY OR ROUTER ID THAN THE CURRENT DR OR BDR
Designated Router (ID) 192.168.31.33, Interface address 192.168.1.3
No backup designated router on this network
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:04
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Cisco NSF helper support enabled
IETF NSF helper support enabled
Index 1/1, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 0, maximum is 0
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
Neighbor Count is 0, Adjacent neighbor count is 0
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
R2(config)#router ospf 1
R2(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R2(config-router)#
*Jan 10 10:59:09.171: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.31.33 on FastEthernet0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
R2(config-router)#do show ip ospf interface
FastEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 192.168.1.2/24, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 192.168.31.22, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 1
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State BDR, Priority 1 // R2 BECOMES BDR SINCE IT HAS THE SECOND
HIGHEST IP ADDRESS
Designated Router (ID) 192.168.31.33, Interface address 192.168.1.3
Backup Designated router (ID) 192.168.31.22, Interface address 192.168.1.2
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:02
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Cisco NSF helper support enabled
IETF NSF helper support enabled
Index 1/1, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 1
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1
Adjacent with neighbor 192.168.31.33 (Designated Router)
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
R2#show ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
192.168.31.33 1 FULL/DR 00:00:35 192.168.1.3 FastEthernet0/0 // R1 IS DR
R1(config)#router ospf 1
R1(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R1(config-router)#
*Jan 10 11:10:36.343: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.31.22 on FastEthernet0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
R1(config-router)#
*Jan 10 11:10:37.967: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.31.33 on FastEthernet0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
R1(config-router)#do show ip ospf interface
FastEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 192.168.1.1/24, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 192.168.31.11, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 1
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State DROTHER, Priority 1 // R1 IS A DROTHER SINCE IT HAS THE LOWEST ROUTER ID
Designated Router (ID) 192.168.31.33, Interface address 192.168.1.3
Backup Designated router (ID) 192.168.31.22, Interface address 192.168.1.2
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:01
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Cisco NSF helper support enabled
IETF NSF helper support enabled
Index 1/1, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 1
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
Neighbor Count is 2, Adjacent neighbor count is 2
Adjacent with neighbor 192.168.31.22 (Backup Designated Router)
Adjacent with neighbor 192.168.31.33 (Designated Router)
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
R1#show ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
192.168.31.22 1 FULL/BDR 00:00:37 192.168.1.2 FastEthernet0/0
192.168.31.33 1 FULL/DR 00:00:35 192.168.1.3 FastEthernet0/0
R1(config)#interface fastethernet0/0
R1(config-if)#ip ospf ?
<1-65535> Process ID
authentication Enable authentication
authentication-key Authentication password (key)
bfd Enable BFD on this interface
cost Interface cost
database-filter Filter OSPF LSA during synchronization and flooding
dead-interval Interval after which a neighbor is declared dead
demand-circuit OSPF demand circuit
flood-reduction OSPF Flood Reduction
hello-interval Time between HELLO packets
lls Link-local Signaling (LLS) support
message-digest-key Message digest authentication password (key)
mtu-ignore Ignores the MTU in DBD packets
network Network type
prefix-suppression OSPF prefix suppression
priority Router priority
resync-timeout Interval after which adjacency is reset if oob-resync is
not started
retransmit-interval Time between retransmitting lost link state
advertisements
transmit-delay Link state transmit delay
R1(config-if)#ip ospf priority 255 // USE THE ip ospf priority COMMAND TO MANUALLY DETERMINE THE DR AND BDR
R3(config)#interface fastethernet0/0
R3(config-if)#ip ospf priority 100
R2(config)#interface fastethernet0/0
R2(config-if)#ip ospf priority 0 // OSPF PRIORITY OF 0 MEANS IT WON'T JOIN THE DR AND BDR ELECTION PROCESS
R1#clear ip ospf process
Reset ALL OSPF processes? [no]: yes
R1#
*Jan 10 11:14:59.887: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.31.22 on FastEthernet0/0 from FULL to DOWN, Neighbor Down: Interface down or detached
*Jan 10 11:14:59.887: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.31.33 on FastEthernet0/0 from FULL to DOWN, Neighbor Down: Interface down or detached
*Jan 10 11:14:59.923: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.31.22 on FastEthernet0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
*Jan 10 11:14:59.923: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.31.33 on FastEthernet0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
R2#clear ip ospf process
Reset ALL OSPF processes? [no]: yes
R2#
*Jan 10 11:06:06.839: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.31.11 on FastEthernet0/0 from FULL to DOWN, Neighbor Down: Interface down or detached
*Jan 10 11:06:06.839: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.31.33 on FastEthernet0/0 from FULL to DOWN, Neighbor Down: Interface down or detached
*Jan 10 11:06:06.867: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.31.11 on FastEthernet0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
*Jan 10 11:06:06.871: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.31.33 on FastEthernet0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
R3#clear ip ospf process
Reset ALL OSPF processes? [no]: yes
R3#
*Jan 10 11:14:05.127: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.31.11 on FastEthernet0/0 from FULL to DOWN, Neighbor Down: Interface down or detached
*Jan 10 11:14:05.127: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.31.22 on FastEthernet0/0 from FULL to DOWN, Neighbor Down: Interface down or detached
*Jan 10 11:14:05.163: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.31.11 on FastEthernet0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
R1#show ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
192.168.31.22 0 FULL/DROTHER 00:00:33 192.168.1.2 FastEthernet0/0 // EVEN THOUGH R2 HAS A HIGHER ROUTER ID THAN R1, IT BECAME DROTHER SINCE PRIORITY IS 0
192.168.31.33 100 FULL/BDR 00:00:35 192.168.1.3 FastEthernet0/0
R3#show ip ospf interface
FastEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 192.168.1.3/24, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 192.168.31.33, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 1
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State BDR, Priority 100
Designated Router (ID) 192.168.31.11, Interface address 192.168.1.1
Backup Designated router (ID) 192.168.31.33, Interface address 192.168.1.3
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:09
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Cisco NSF helper support enabled
IETF NSF helper support enabled
Index 1/1, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 1
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 4 msec
Neighbor Count is 2, Adjacent neighbor count is 2
Adjacent with neighbor 192.168.31.11 (Designated Router)
Adjacent with neighbor 192.168.31.22
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
I'm currently going for my Check Point CCSA certification and I might take up CompTIA Linux+ next if time at work permits it. Below is the final lab that I did while stuyding for my Network+
R1(config)#no ip domain-lookup
R1(config)#enable secret cisco
R1(config)#banner motd $
Enter TEXT message. End with the character '$'
********************************
AUTHORIZED ACCESS ONLY
********************************
$
R1(config)#line console 0
R1(config-line)#password cisco
R1(config-line)#login
R1(config-line)#logging synchronous
R1(config-line)#line vty 0 4
R1(config-line)#password cisco
R1(config-line)#login
R1(config-line)#logging synchronous
R2(config)#no ip domain-lookup
R2(config)#enable secret cisco
R2(config)#banner motd $
Enter TEXT message. End with the character '$'
********************************
AUTHORIZED ACCESS ONLY
********************************
$
R2(config)#line console 0
R2(config-line)#password cisco
R2(config-line)#login
R2(config-line)#logging synchronous
R2(config-line)#line vty 0 4
R2(config-line)#password cisco
R2(config-line)#login
R2(config-line)#logging synchronous
R3(config)#no ip domain-lookup
R3(config)#enable secret cisco
R3(config)#banner motd $
Enter TEXT message. End with the character '$'
********************************
AUTHORIZED ACCESS ONLY
********************************
$
R3(config)#line console 0
R3(config-line)#password cisco
R3(config-line)#login
R3(config-line)#logging synchronous
R3(config-line)#line vty 0 4
R3(config-line)#password cisco
R3(config-line)#login
R3(config-line)#logging synchronous
R1(config)#interface fastethernet0/0
R1(config-if)#ip address 172.16.1.17 255.255.255.240
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config-if)#
*Jan 9 08:53:23.983: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed
state to up
R1(config-if)#interface serial0/0/0
R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.252
R1(config-if)#clock rate 64000
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config-if)#
*Jan 9 08:53:56.091: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0/0/0, changed state to down
R1(config-if)#interface serial0/0/1
R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.5 255.255.255.252
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config-if)#
*Jan 9 08:54:21.639: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0/0/1, changed state to down
R2(config)#interface fastethernet0/0
R2(config-if)#ip address 10.10.10.1 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
R2(config-if)#
*Jan 9 08:45:52.319: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed
state to up
R2(config-if)#interface serial0/0/0
R2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.2 255.255.255.252
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
R2(config-if)#
*Jan 9 08:46:15.763: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0/0/0, changed state to up
*Jan 9 08:46:16.763: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0/0, changed state
to up
R2(config-if)#interface serial0/0/1
R2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.9 255.255.255.252
R2(config-if)#clock rate 64000
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
R2(config-if)#
*Jan 9 08:46:42.483: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0/0/1, changed state to down
R3(config)#interface fastethernet0/0
R3(config-if)#ip address 172.16.1.33 255.255.255.248
R3(config-if)#no shutdown
R3(config-if)#
*Jan 9 08:55:00.139: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
*Jan 9 08:55:01.139: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed
state to up
R3(config-if)#interface serial0/0/0
R3(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.6 255.255.255.252
R3(config-if)#clock rate 64000
R3(config-if)#no shutdown
R3(config-if)#
*Jan 9 08:55:26.939: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0/0/0, changed state to up
*Jan 9 08:55:27.939: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0/0, changed state
to up
R3(config-if)#interface serial0/0/1
R3(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.10 255.255.255.252
R3(config-if)#no shutdown
R3(config-if)#
*Jan 9 08:55:50.003: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0/0/1, changed state to up
*Jan 9 08:55:51.003: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0/1, changed state
to up
R1#show ip interface brief
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
FastEthernet0/0 172.16.1.17 YES manual up up
FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES NVRAM administratively down down
Serial0/0/0 192.168.10.1 YES manual up up
Serial0/0/1 192.168.10.5 YES manual up up
Serial0/1/0 unassigned YES NVRAM administratively down down
Serial0/1/1 unassigned YES NVRAM administratively down down
R2#show ip interface brief
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
FastEthernet0/0 10.10.10.1 YES manual up up
FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES NVRAM administratively down down
Serial0/0/0 192.168.10.2 YES manual up up
Serial0/0/1 192.168.10.9 YES manual up up
R3#show ip interface brief
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
FastEthernet0/0 172.16.1.33 YES manual up up
FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES NVRAM administratively down down
Serial0/0/0 192.168.10.6 YES manual up up
Serial0/0/1 192.168.10.10 YES manual up up
R1(config)#router ospf ?
<1-65535> Process ID
R1(config)#router ospf 1
R1(config-router)#?
Router configuration commands:
area OSPF area parameters
auto-cost Calculate OSPF interface cost according to bandwidth
bfd BFD configuration commands
capability Enable specific OSPF feature
compatible OSPF compatibility list
default Set a command to its defaults
default-information Control distribution of default information
default-metric Set metric of redistributed routes
discard-route Enable or disable discard-route installation
distance Define an administrative distance
distribute-list Filter networks in routing updates
domain-id OSPF domain-id
domain-tag OSPF domain-tag
exit Exit from routing protocol configuration mode
help Description of the interactive help system
ignore Do not complain about specific event
interface-id Source of the interface ID
ispf Enable incremental SPF computation
limit Limit a specific OSPF feature
local-rib-criteria Enable or disable usage of local RIB as route criteria
log-adjacency-changes Log changes in adjacency state
max-lsa maximum number of LSAs OSPF process will receive
max-metric Set maximum metric
maximum-paths Forward packets over multiple paths
mpls Configure MPLS routing protocol parameters
neighbor Specify a neighbor router
network Enable routing on an IP network
no Negate a command or set its defaults
nsf Non-stop forwarding
passive-interface Suppress routing updates on an interface
prefix-suppression OSPF prefix suppression
process-min-time Percentage of quantum to be used before releasing CPU
queue-depth OSPF Hello/Router process queue depth
redistribute Redistribute information from another routing protocol
router-id router-id for this OSPF process
summary-address Configure IP address summaries
timers Adjust routing timers
traffic-share How to compute traffic share over alternate paths
R1(config-router)#network 172.16.1.16 0.0.0.15 ?
area Set the OSPF area ID
R1(config-router)#network 172.16.1.16 0.0.0.15 area ?
<0-4294967295> OSPF area ID as a decimal value
A.B.C.D OSPF area ID in IP address format
R1(config-router)#network 172.16.1.16 0.0.0.15 area 0 // INCLUDE 172.16.1.16/28 IN R1'S OSPF
UPDATES; NETWORK COMMAND IN OSPF IS SIMILAR TO OSPF; WILDCARD MASK IN OSPF IS REQUIRED
R1(config-router)#network 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
R1(config-router)#network 192.168.10.4 0.0.0.3 area 0
R2(config)#router ospf 1
R2(config-router)#network 10.10.10.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R2(config-router)#network 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
R2(config-router)#
*Jan 9 08:55:01.783: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.10.5 on Serial0/0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done // R2 FORMED AN OSPF ADJACENCY WITH R1 VIA S0/0/0 LINK
R2(config-router)#network 192.168.10.8 0.0.0.3 area 0
R3(config)#router ospf 1
R3(config-router)#network 172.16.1.32 0.0.0.7 area 0
R3(config-router)#network 192.168.10.4 0.0.0.3 area 0
R3(config-router)#
*Jan 9 09:04:16.811: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.10.5 on Serial0/0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
R3(config-router)#network 192.168.10.8 0.0.0.3 area 0
R3(config-router)#
*Jan 9 09:04:25.855: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.10.9 on Serial0/0/1 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
R3#show ip protocols
Routing Protocol is "ospf 1"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Router ID 192.168.10.10 // OSPF ROUTER IS USED TO UNIQUELY IDENTIFY THE ROUTER IS OSPF ROUTING DOMAIN; ROUTER ID IS AN IP ADDRESS FORMAT; OSPF CHOOSE THE ROUTER ID WITH THE FOLLOWING ORDER: IP ADDRESS COFNIGURED VIA router-id COMMAND; LOOPBACK INTERFACE WITH HIGHEST IP ADDRESS; HIGHEST ACTIVE PHYSICAL IP ADDRESS
Number of areas in this router is 1. 1 normal 0 stub 0 nssa
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
172.16.1.32 0.0.0.7 area 0
192.168.10.4 0.0.0.3 area 0
192.168.10.8 0.0.0.3 area 0
Reference bandwidth unit is 100 mbps
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
192.168.10.5 110 00:01:20
192.168.10.9 110 00:01:10
Distance: (default is 110)
R3#show ip ospf
Routing Process "ospf 1" with ID 192.168.10.10
Start time: 00:18:07.352, Time elapsed: 00:01:52.056
Supports only single TOS(TOS0) routes
Supports opaque LSA
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Supports area transit capability
Router is not originating router-LSAs with maximum metric
Initial SPF schedule delay 5000 msecs
Minimum hold time between two consecutive SPFs 10000 msecs
Maximum wait time between two consecutive SPFs 10000 msecs
Incremental-SPF disabled
Minimum LSA interval 5 secs
Minimum LSA arrival 1000 msecs
LSA group pacing timer 240 secs
Interface flood pacing timer 33 msecs
Retransmission pacing timer 66 msecs
Number of external LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x000000
Number of opaque AS LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x000000
Number of DCbitless external and opaque AS LSA 0
Number of DoNotAge external and opaque AS LSA 0
Number of areas in this router is 1. 1 normal 0 stub 0 nssa
Number of areas transit capable is 0
External flood list length 0
IETF NSF helper support enabled
Cisco NSF helper support enabled
Area BACKBONE(0)
Number of interfaces in this area is 3
Area has no authentication
SPF algorithm last executed 00:01:16.160 ago
SPF algorithm executed 3 times
Area ranges are
Number of LSA 3. Checksum Sum 0x01398D
Number of opaque link LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x000000
Number of DCbitless LSA 0
Number of indication LSA 0
Number of DoNotAge LSA 0
Flood list length 0
R3#show ip ospf interface
Serial0/0/1 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 192.168.10.10/30, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 192.168.10.10, Network Type POINT_TO_POINT, Cost: 64
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:02
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Cisco NSF helper support enabled
IETF NSF helper support enabled
Index 3/3, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 1
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1
Adjacent with neighbor 192.168.10.9
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
Serial0/0/0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 192.168.10.6/30, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 192.168.10.10, Network Type POINT_TO_POINT, Cost: 64
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:02
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Cisco NSF helper support enabled
IETF NSF helper support enabled
Index 2/2, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 1
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1
Adjacent with neighbor 192.168.10.5
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
FastEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 172.16.1.33/29, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 192.168.10.10, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 1
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State DR, Priority 1
Designated Router (ID) 192.168.10.10, Interface address 172.16.1.33
No backup designated router on this network
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:02
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Cisco NSF helper support enabled
IETF NSF helper support enabled
Index 1/1, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 0, maximum is 0
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
Neighbor Count is 0, Adjacent neighbor count is 0
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
R1#show ip protocols
Routing Protocol is "ospf 1"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Router ID 192.168.10.5
Number of areas in this router is 1. 1 normal 0 stub 0 nssa
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
172.16.1.16 0.0.0.15 area 0
192.168.10.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
192.168.10.4 0.0.0.3 area 0
Reference bandwidth unit is 100 mbps
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
192.168.10.10 110 00:09:03
192.168.10.9 110 00:10:29
Distance: (default is 110)
R2#show ip protocols
Routing Protocol is "ospf 1"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Router ID 192.168.10.9
Number of areas in this router is 1. 1 normal 0 stub 0 nssa
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
10.10.10.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
192.168.10.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
192.168.10.8 0.0.0.3 area 0
Reference bandwidth unit is 100 mbps
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
192.168.10.5 110 00:11:22
192.168.10.10 110 00:09:32
Distance: (default is 110)
R1(config)#interface loopback0
R1(config-if)#
*Jan 9 09:16:47.651: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Loopback0, changed state to up
R1(config-if)#ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.255
R2(config)#interface loopback0
R2(config-if)#
*Jan 9 09:08:09.991: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Loopback0, changed state to up
R2(config-if)#ip address 10.2.2.2 255.255.255.255
R3(config)#interface loopback0
R3(config-if)#
*Jan 9 09:16:59.455: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Loopback0, changed state to up
R3(config-if)#ip address 10.3.3.3 255.255.255.255
R3#show ip protocols
Routing Protocol is "ospf 1"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Router ID 192.168.10.10 // OSPF WILL NOT CHOOSE A NEW ROUTER ID UNLESS OSPF PROCESS IS RESTARTED
Number of areas in this router is 1. 1 normal 0 stub 0 nssa
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
172.16.1.32 0.0.0.7 area 0
192.168.10.4 0.0.0.3 area 0
192.168.10.8 0.0.0.3 area 0
Reference bandwidth unit is 100 mbps
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
192.168.10.5 110 00:13:13
192.168.10.9 110 00:13:03
Distance: (default is 110)
R3#clear ip ospf ?
<1-65535> Process ID number
counters OSPF counters
process Reset OSPF process
redistribution Clear OSPF route redistribution
traffic Traffic related statistics
R3#clear ip ospf process
Reset ALL OSPF processes? [no]: yes
R3#
*Jan 9 09:24:14.075: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.10.9 on Serial0/0/1 from FULL to DOWN, Neighbor Down: Interface down or detached
*Jan 9 09:24:14.075: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.10.5 on Serial0/0/0 from FULL to DOWN, Neighbor Down: Interface down or detached
*Jan 9 09:24:14.215: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.10.9 on Serial0/0/1 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
*Jan 9 09:24:14.215: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.10.5 on Serial0/0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
R1#clear ip ospf process
Reset ALL OSPF processes? [no]: yes
R1#
*Jan 9 09:25:15.659: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.10.10 on Serial0/0/1 from FULL to
DOWN, Neighbor Down: Interface down or detached
*Jan 9 09:25:15.659: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.10.9 on Serial0/0/0 from FULL to
DOWN, Neighbor Down: Interface down or detached
*Jan 9 09:25:15.791: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.10.10 on Serial0/0/1 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
*Jan 9 09:25:15.791: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.10.9 on Serial0/0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
R2#clear ip ospf process
Reset ALL OSPF processes? [no]: yes
R2#
*Jan 9 09:15:06.451: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.10.10 on Serial0/0/1 from FULL to DOWN, Neighbor Down: Interface down or detached
*Jan 9 09:15:06.451: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.10.5 on Serial0/0/0 from FULL to DOWN, Neighbor Down: Interface down or detached
*Jan 9 09:15:06.583: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.10.10 on Serial0/0/1 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
*Jan 9 09:15:06.583: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.10.5 on Serial0/0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
R2#show ip protocols
Routing Protocol is "ospf 1"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Router ID 192.168.10.9 // ROUTER ID DIDN'T CHANGE AFTER OSPF PROCESS RESET
Number of areas in this router is 1. 1 normal 0 stub 0 nssa
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
10.10.10.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
192.168.10.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
192.168.10.8 0.0.0.3 area 0
Reference bandwidth unit is 100 mbps
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
192.168.10.5 110 00:02:47
192.168.10.10 110 00:02:14
Distance: (default is 110)
R2#reload
Proceed with reload? [confirm]
<OUTPUT TRUNCATED>
R2#show ip protocols
Routing Protocol is "ospf 1"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Router ID 10.2.2.2 // ROUTER ID CHANGED AFTER R2 REBOOTS
Number of areas in this router is 1. 1 normal 0 stub 0 nssa
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
10.10.10.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
192.168.10.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
192.168.10.8 0.0.0.3 area 0
Reference bandwidth unit is 100 mbps
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
192.168.10.5 110 00:00:11
192.168.10.10 110 00:00:11
Distance: (default is 110)
R2#show ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
192.168.10.10 0 FULL/ - 00:00:32 192.168.10.6 Serial0/0/1
10.2.2.2 0 FULL/ - 00:00:37 192.168.10.2 Serial0/0/0
R1(config)#router ospf 1
R1(config-router)#router-id ?
A.B.C.D OSPF router-id in IP address format
R1(config-router)#router-id 10.4.4.4 // HARCODE ROUTER ID VIA router-id COMMAND
Reload or use "clear ip ospf process" command, for this to take effect
R1(config-router)#end
R1#
*Jan 9 09:33:04.199: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
R1#clear ip ospf process
Reset ALL OSPF processes? [no]: yes
R1#
*Jan 9 09:33:12.271: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.10.10 on Serial0/0/1 from FULL to
DOWN, Neighbor Down: Interface down or detached
*Jan 9 09:33:12.271: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 10.2.2.2 on Serial0/0/0 from FULL to DOWN, Neighbor Down: Interface down or detached
*Jan 9 09:33:12.403: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.10.10 on Serial0/0/1 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
*Jan 9 09:33:12.403: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 10.2.2.2 on Serial0/0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
R1#show ip protocols
Routing Protocol is "ospf 1"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Router ID 10.4.4.4
Number of areas in this router is 1. 1 normal 0 stub 0 nssa
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
172.16.1.16 0.0.0.15 area 0
192.168.10.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
192.168.10.4 0.0.0.3 area 0
Reference bandwidth unit is 100 mbps
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
10.2.2.2 110 00:00:58
192.168.10.10 110 00:00:58
192.168.10.9 110 00:08:55
Distance: (default is 110)
R2#show ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
192.168.10.10 0 FULL/ - 00:00:36 192.168.10.10 Serial0/0/1
10.4.4.4 0 FULL/ - 00:00:35 192.168.10.1 Serial0/0/0 // VERIFY R1's ROUTER ID ON R2
R1(config)#router ospf 1
R1(config-router)#no router-id 10.4.4.4 // REMOVE router-id TO FORCE R1 TO USE LOOPBACK IP ADDRESS AS ITS ROUTER ID; VERY USEFUL TRICK AND THERE'S NO NEED TO RELOAD R1
Reload or use "clear ip ospf process" command, for this to take effect
R1(config-router)#end
R1#
*Jan 9 09:41:42.479: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
R1#clear ip ospf process
Reset ALL OSPF processes? [no]: yes
R1#
*Jan 9 09:41:48.779: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.10.10 on Serial0/0/1 from FULL to DOWN, Neighbor Down: Interface down or detached
*Jan 9 09:41:48.779: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 10.2.2.2 on Serial0/0/0 from FULL to DOWN, Neighbor Down: Interface down or detached
*Jan 9 09:41:48.911: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.10.10 on Serial0/0/1 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
*Jan 9 09:41:48.911: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 10.2.2.2 on Serial0/0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
R1#show ip protocols
Routing Protocol is "ospf 1"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Router ID 10.1.1.1 // LOOPBACK IP ADDRESS BECOMES THE ROUTER ID; NO REBOOT NEEDED
Number of areas in this router is 1. 1 normal 0 stub 0 nssa
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
172.16.1.16 0.0.0.15 area 0
192.168.10.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
192.168.10.4 0.0.0.3 area 0
Reference bandwidth unit is 100 mbps
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
10.2.2.2 110 00:00:45
192.168.10.10 110 00:00:45
192.168.10.9 110 00:17:18
Distance: (default is 110)
R3#show ip protocols
Routing Protocol is "ospf 1"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Router ID 192.168.10.10
Number of areas in this router is 1. 1 normal 0 stub 0 nssa
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
172.16.1.32 0.0.0.7 area 0
192.168.10.4 0.0.0.3 area 0
192.168.10.8 0.0.0.3 area 0
Reference bandwidth unit is 100 mbps
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
10.2.2.2 110 00:03:30
10.1.1.1 110 00:02:15
10.4.4.4 110 00:10:52
192.168.10.5 110 00:13:05
192.168.10.9 110 00:18:15
Distance: (default is 110)
R3#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R3(config)#router ospf 1
R3(config-router)#router-id 1.1.1.1
Reload or use "clear ip ospf process" command, for this to take effect
R3(config-router)#do clear ip ospf process
Reset ALL OSPF processes? [no]: yes
R3(config-router)#
*Jan 9 09:43:07.639: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 10.2.2.2 on Serial0/0/1 from FULL to DOWN, Neighbor Down: Interface down or detached
*Jan 9 09:43:07.639: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 10.1.1.1 on Serial0/0/0 from FULL to DOWN, Neighbor Down: Interface down or detached
*Jan 9 09:43:07.771: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 10.2.2.2 on Serial0/0/1 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
*Jan 9 09:43:07.771: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 10.1.1.1 on Serial0/0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
R3(config-router)#
R3(config-router)#do show ip protocols
Routing Protocol is "ospf 1"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Router ID 1.1.1.1
Number of areas in this router is 1. 1 normal 0 stub 0 nssa
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
172.16.1.32 0.0.0.7 area 0
192.168.10.4 0.0.0.3 area 0
192.168.10.8 0.0.0.3 area 0
Reference bandwidth unit is 100 mbps
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
10.2.2.2 110 00:00:01
10.1.1.1 110 00:00:01
10.4.4.4 110 00:11:31
192.168.10.5 110 00:13:44
192.168.10.9 110 00:18:54
Distance: (default is 110)
R3(config-router)#no router-id 1.1.1.1 //
Reload or use "clear ip ospf process" command, for this to take effect
R3(config-router)#end
R3#clear
*Jan 9 09:43:24.003: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
R3#clear ip ospf process
Reset ALL OSPF processes? [no]: yes
R3#
*Jan 9 09:43:29.475: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 10.2.2.2 on Serial0/0/1 from FULL to DOWN, Neighbor Down: Interface down or detached
*Jan 9 09:43:29.475: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 10.1.1.1 on Serial0/0/0 from FULL to DOWN, Neighbor Down: Interface down or detached
*Jan 9 09:43:29.615: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 10.2.2.2 on Serial0/0/1 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
*Jan 9 09:43:29.615: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 10.1.1.1 on Serial0/0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
R3#
R3#shoow ip protocols
Routing Protocol is "ospf 1"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Router ID 10.3.3.3 // ROUTER ID USING R3 LOOPBACK IP ADDRESS; NO REBOOT NEEDED
Number of areas in this router is 1. 1 normal 0 stub 0 nssa
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
172.16.1.32 0.0.0.7 area 0
192.168.10.4 0.0.0.3 area 0
192.168.10.8 0.0.0.3 area 0
Reference bandwidth unit is 100 mbps
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
10.2.2.2 110 00:00:01
10.1.1.1 110 00:00:01
10.4.4.4 110 00:11:53
192.168.10.5 110 00:14:06
192.168.10.9 110 00:19:16
Distance: (default is 110)
R1#show ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
10.3.3.3 0 FULL/ - 00:00:31 192.168.10.6 Serial0/0/1
10.2.2.2 0 FULL/ - 00:00:38 192.168.10.2 Serial0/0/0
R2#show ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
10.3.3.3 0 FULL/ - 00:00:38 192.168.10.10 Serial0/0/1
10.1.1.1 0 FULL/ - 00:00:32 192.168.10.1 Serial0/0/0
R3#show ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
10.2.2.2 0 FULL/ - 00:00:30 192.168.10.9 Serial0/0/1
10.1.1.1 0 FULL/ - 00:00:38 192.168.10.5 Serial0/0/0
R1#show ip route // OSPF ROUTES ARE DENOTED WITH AN "O" AND DOESN'T AUTO SUMMARIZE AT MAJOR
NETWORK BOUNDARY
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
192.168.10.0/30 is subnetted, 3 subnets
C 192.168.10.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0
C 192.168.10.4 is directly connected, Serial0/0/1
O 192.168.10.8 [110/128] via 192.168.10.6, 00:02:15, Serial0/0/1
[110/128] via 192.168.10.2, 00:02:15, Serial0/0/0
172.16.0.0/16 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
O 172.16.1.32/29 [110/65] via 192.168.10.6, 00:02:15, Serial0/0/1
C 172.16.1.16/28 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
O 10.10.10.0/24 [110/65] via 192.168.10.2, 00:01:47, Serial0/0/0 // R1'S COST TO 10.10.10.0/24 IS 65
C 10.1.1.1/32 is directly connected, Loopback0
R1#show interface serial0/0/0
Serial0/0/0 is up, line protocol is up
Hardware is GT96K Serial
Internet address is 192.168.10.1/30
MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit/sec, DLY 20000 usec, // SERIAL LINKS DEFAULTS TO 1.544 Kbps
reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255
Encapsulation HDLC, loopback not set
Keepalive set (10 sec)
CRC checking enabled
Last input 00:00:01, output 00:00:00, output hang never
Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
Input queue: 0/75/0/0 (size/max/drops/flushes); Total output drops: 0
Queueing strategy: fifo
Output queue: 0/40 (size/max)
5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
134 packets input, 10716 bytes, 0 no buffer
Received 66 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
135 packets output, 11016 bytes, 0 underruns
0 output errors, 0 collisions, 6 interface resets
0 unknown protocol drops
0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
7 carrier transitions
DCD=up DSR=up DTR=up RTS=up CTS=up
R1(config)#interface serial0/0/0
R1(config-if)#bandwidth 64 // CHANGE BANDWIDTH TO CALCULATE CORRECT OSPF COST
R1(config-if)#interface serial0/0/1
R1(config-if)#bandwidth 64
R2(config)#interface serial0/0/0
R2(config-if)#bandwidth 64
R2(config-if)#interface serial0/0/1
R2(config-if)#bandwidth 64
R1#show ip ospf interface
Serial0/0/1 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 192.168.10.5/30, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 10.1.1.1, Network Type POINT_TO_POINT, Cost: 1562 // OSPF COST = 10^8 / 64,000
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:01
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Cisco NSF helper support enabled
IETF NSF helper support enabled
Index 3/3, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 1
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 4 msec
Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1
Adjacent with neighbor 10.3.3.3
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
Serial0/0/0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 192.168.10.1/30, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 10.1.1.1, Network Type POINT_TO_POINT, Cost: 1562
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:05
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Cisco NSF helper support enabled
IETF NSF helper support enabled
Index 2/2, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 1
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1
Adjacent with neighbor 10.2.2.2
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
FastEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 172.16.1.17/28, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 10.1.1.1, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 1
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State DR, Priority 1
Designated Router (ID) 10.1.1.1, Interface address 172.16.1.17
No backup designated router on this network
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:05
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Cisco NSF helper support enabled
IETF NSF helper support enabled
Index 1/1, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 0, maximum is 0
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
Neighbor Count is 0, Adjacent neighbor count is 0
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
R3(config)#interface serial0/0/0
R3(config-if)#ip ospf ?
<1-65535> Process ID
authentication Enable authentication
authentication-key Authentication password (key)
cost Interface cost
database-filter Filter OSPF LSA during synchronization and flooding
dead-interval Interval after which a neighbor is declared dead
demand-circuit OSPF demand circuit
flood-reduction OSPF Flood Reduction
hello-interval Time between HELLO packets
lls Link-local Signaling (LLS) support
message-digest-key Message digest authentication password (key)
mtu-ignore Ignores the MTU in DBD packets
network Network type
prefix-suppression OSPF prefix suppression
priority Router priority
resync-timeout Interval after which adjacency is reset if oob-resync is
not started
retransmit-interval Time between retransmitting lost link state
advertisements
transmit-delay Link state transmit delay
R3(config-if)#ip ospf cost ?
<1-65535> Cost
R3(config-if)#ip ospf cost 1562 // ALTERNATIVE METHOD TO USING BANDWIDTH COMMAND
R3(config-if)#interface serial0/0/1
R3(config-if)#ip ospf cost 1562
R3#show ip ospf interface
Serial0/0/1 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 192.168.10.10/30, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 10.3.3.3, Network Type POINT_TO_POINT, Cost: 1562
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:00
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Cisco NSF helper support enabled
IETF NSF helper support enabled
Index 3/3, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 1
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1
Adjacent with neighbor 10.2.2.2
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
Serial0/0/0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 192.168.10.6/30, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 10.3.3.3, Network Type POINT_TO_POINT, Cost: 1562
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:06
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Cisco NSF helper support enabled
IETF NSF helper support enabled
Index 2/2, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 1
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1
Adjacent with neighbor 10.1.1.1
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
FastEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 172.16.1.33/29, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 10.3.3.3, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 1
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State DR, Priority 1
Designated Router (ID) 10.3.3.3, Interface address 172.16.1.33
No backup designated router on this network
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:00
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Cisco NSF helper support enabled
IETF NSF helper support enabled
Index 1/1, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 0, maximum is 0
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
Neighbor Count is 0, Adjacent neighbor count is 0
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
R1(config)#interface loopback1 // SIMULATE A LINK TO ISP ROUTER
R1(config-if)#
*Jan 9 12:10:19.339: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Loopback1, changed state to up
R1(config-if)#ip address 172.30.1.1 255.255.255.252
R1(config-if)#exit
R1(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 loopback1 // CONFIGURE A STATIC DEFAULT ROUTE
R1(config)#router ospf 1
R1(config-router)#default-information ?
originate Distribute a default route
R1(config-router)#default-information originate // INCLUDE STATIC ROUTE IN OSPF UPDATE FROM R1
R2#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is 192.168.10.1 to network 0.0.0.0
192.168.10.0/30 is subnetted, 3 subnets
C 192.168.10.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0
O 192.168.10.4 [110/3124] via 192.168.10.10, 00:04:07, Serial0/0/1
[110/3124] via 192.168.10.1, 00:04:07, Serial0/0/0
C 192.168.10.8 is directly connected, Serial0/0/1
172.16.0.0/16 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
O 172.16.1.32/29 [110/1563] via 192.168.10.10, 00:06:24, Serial0/0/1
O 172.16.1.16/28 [110/1563] via 192.168.10.1, 00:06:24, Serial0/0/0
10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 10.2.2.2/32 is directly connected, Loopback0
C 10.10.10.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
O*E2 0.0.0.0/0 [110/1] via 192.168.10.1, 00:00:38, Serial0/0/0
R3#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is 192.168.10.5 to network 0.0.0.0
192.168.10.0/30 is subnetted, 3 subnets
O 192.168.10.0 [110/3124] via 192.168.10.9, 00:04:32, Serial0/0/1
[110/3124] via 192.168.10.5, 00:04:32, Serial0/0/0
C 192.168.10.4 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0
C 192.168.10.8 is directly connected, Serial0/0/1
172.16.0.0/16 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 172.16.1.32/29 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
O 172.16.1.16/28 [110/1563] via 192.168.10.5, 00:04:42, Serial0/0/0
10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 10.3.3.3/32 is directly connected, Loopback0
O 10.10.10.0/24 [110/1563] via 192.168.10.9, 00:04:32, Serial0/0/1
O*E2 0.0.0.0/0 [110/1] via 192.168.10.5, 00:01:13, Serial0/0/0
R1(config)#router ospf 1
R1(config-router)#auto-cost ?
reference-bandwidth Use reference bandwidth method to assign OSPF cost
<cr>
R1(config-router)#auto-cost reference-bandwidth ?
<1-4294967> The reference bandwidth in terms of Mbits per second
R1(config-router)#auto-cost reference-bandwidth 10000 // ADJUST THE REFERENCE BANDWIDTH VALUE TO SIMULATE TO 10 GIG SPEED; CONFIGURE ON ALL ROUTERS IN OSPF ROUTING DOMAIN
% OSPF: Reference bandwidth is changed.
Please ensure reference bandwidth is consistent across all routers.
R2(config)#router ospf 1
R2(config-router)#auto-cost reference-bandwidth 10000
% OSPF: Reference bandwidth is changed.
Please ensure reference bandwidth is consistent across all routers.
R3(config)#router ospf 1
R3(config-router)#auto-cost reference-bandwidth 10000
% OSPF: Reference bandwidth is changed.
Please ensure reference bandwidth is consistent across all routers.
R1#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is 0.0.0.0 to network 0.0.0.0
192.168.10.0/30 is subnetted, 3 subnets
C 192.168.10.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0
C 192.168.10.4 is directly connected, Serial0/0/1
O 192.168.10.8 [110/67097] via 192.168.10.6, 00:02:29, Serial0/0/1
172.16.0.0/16 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
O 172.16.1.32/29 [110/65635] via 192.168.10.6, 00:01:27, Serial0/0/1
C 172.16.1.16/28 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
172.30.0.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 172.30.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback1
10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
O 10.10.10.0/24 [110/65635] via 192.168.10.2, 00:01:55, Serial0/0/0
C 10.1.1.1/32 is directly connected, Loopback0
S* 0.0.0.0/0 is directly connected, Loopback1
R1#show ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
10.3.3.3 0 FULL/ - 00:00:31 192.168.10.6 Serial0/0/1 // DEAD TIMER IS 40 SECONDS BY DEFAULT
10.2.2.2 0 FULL/ - 00:00:36 192.168.10.2 Serial0/0/0
R1(config)#interface serial0/0/0
R1(config-if)#ip ospf ?
<1-65535> Process ID
authentication Enable authentication
authentication-key Authentication password (key)
cost Interface cost
database-filter Filter OSPF LSA during synchronization and flooding
dead-interval Interval after which a neighbor is declared dead
demand-circuit OSPF demand circuit
flood-reduction OSPF Flood Reduction
hello-interval Time between HELLO packets
lls Link-local Signaling (LLS) support
message-digest-key Message digest authentication password (key)
mtu-ignore Ignores the MTU in DBD packets
network Network type
prefix-suppression OSPF prefix suppression
priority Router priority
resync-timeout Interval after which adjacency is reset if oob-resync is
not started
retransmit-interval Time between retransmitting lost link state
advertisements
transmit-delay Link state transmit delay
R1(config-if)#ip ospf hello-interval ?
<1-65535> Seconds
R1(config-if)#ip ospf hello-interval 5
R1(config-if)#ip ospf dead-interval ?
<1-65535> Seconds
minimal Set to 1 second
R1(config-if)#ip ospf dead-interval 20
R1(config-if)#
*Jan 9 12:24:16.687: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 10.2.2.2 on Serial0/0/0 from FULL to DOWN, Neighbor Down: Dead timer expired // HELLO AND DEAD TIMER INTERVAL MUST BE IDENTICAL WITH R2 S0/0/0
R2(config)#interface serial0/0/0
R2(config-if)#ip ospf hello-interval 5
R2(config-if)#ip ospf de
*Jan 9 12:16:22.383: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 10.1.1.1 on Serial0/0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done // OSPF ADJACENCY FORMED WITH R1
R2(config-if)#ip ospf dead-interval 20
R2#show ip ospf interface serial0/0/0
Serial0/0/0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 192.168.10.2/30, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 10.2.2.2, Network Type POINT_TO_POINT, Cost: 65535
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT
Timer intervals configured, Hello 5, Dead 20, Wait 20, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:03
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Cisco NSF helper support enabled
IETF NSF helper support enabled
Index 2/2, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 1
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 4 msec
Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1
Adjacent with neighbor 10.1.1.1
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
R1#show ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
10.3.3.3 0 FULL/ - 00:00:35 192.168.10.6 Serial0/0/1
10.2.2.2 0 FULL/ - 00:00:17 192.168.10.2 Serial0/0/0 // OSPF ADJACENCY FORMED WITH R2
Scenario B: Configure OSPF on a Multi-access Network
R1(config)#no ip domain-lookup
R1(config)#enable secret cisco
R1(config)#banner motd $
Enter TEXT message. End with the character '$'
********************************
AUTHORIZED ACCESS ONLY
********************************
$
R1(config)#line console 0
R1(config-line)#password cisco
R1(config-line)#login
R1(config-line)#logging synchronous
R1(config-line)#line vty 0 4
R1(config-line)#password cisco
R1(config-line)#login
R1(config-line)#logging synchronous
R2(config)#no ip domain-lookup
R2(config)#enable secret cisco
R2(config)#banner motd $
Enter TEXT message. End with the character '$'
********************************
AUTHORIZED ACCESS ONLY
********************************
$
R2(config)#line console 0
R2(config-line)#password cisco
R2(config-line)#login
R2(config-line)#logging synchronous
R2(config-line)#line vty 0 4
R2(config-line)#password cisco
R2(config-line)#login
R2(config-line)#logging synchronous
R3(config)#no ip domain-lookup
R3(config)#enable secret cisco
R3(config)#banner motd $
Enter TEXT message. End with the character '$'
********************************
AUTHORIZED ACCESS ONLY
********************************
$
R3(config)#line console 0
R3(config-line)#password cisco
R3(config-line)#login
R3(config-line)#logging synchronous
R3(config-line)#line vty 0 4
R3(config-line)#password cisco
R3(config-line)#login
R3(config-line)#logging synchronous
R1(config)#interface fastethernet0/0
R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config-if)#
*Jan 10 10:57:08.419: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
*Jan 10 10:57:09.419: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
R1(config-if)#interface loopback1
R1(config-if)#
*Jan 10 10:57:17.439: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Loopback1, changed state to up
R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.31.11 255.255.255.255
R2(config)#interface fastethernet0/0
R2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
R2(config-if)#
*Jan 10 10:49:15.895: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
*Jan 10 10:49:16.895: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed
state to up
R2(config-if)#interface loopback1
R2(config-if)#
*Jan 10 10:49:23.119: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Loopback1, changed state to up
R2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.31.22 255.255.255.255
R3(config)#interface fastethernet0/0
R3(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.3 255.255.255.0
R3(config-if)#no shutdown
R3(config-if)#
*Jan 10 10:59:13.107: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
*Jan 10 10:59:14.107: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed
state to up
R3(config-if)#interface loopback1
R3(config-if)#
*Jan 10 10:59:19.383: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Loopback1, changed state to up
R3(config-if)#ip address 192.168.31.33 255.255.255.255
R1#show ip interface brief
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
FastEthernet0/0 192.168.1.1 YES manual up up
FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Serial0/0/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Serial0/0/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Serial0/1/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Serial0/1/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Loopback1 192.168.31.11 YES manual up up
R2#show ip interface brief
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
FastEthernet0/0 192.168.1.2 YES manual up up
FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Serial0/0/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Serial0/0/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Loopback1 192.168.31.22 YES manual up up
R3#show ip interface brief
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
FastEthernet0/0 192.168.1.3 YES manual up up
FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Serial0/0/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Serial0/0/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Loopback1 192.168.31.33 YES manual up up
R3(config)#router ospf 1
R3(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R3(config-router)#end
R3#
*Jan 10 11:03:00.407: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
R3#show ip ospf interface
FastEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 192.168.1.3/24, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 192.168.31.33, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 1
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State WAITING, Priority 1
No designated router on this network
No backup designated router on this network
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:01
Wait time before Designated router selection 00:00:12
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Cisco NSF helper support enabled
IETF NSF helper support enabled
Index 1/1, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 0, maximum is 0
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
Neighbor Count is 0, Adjacent neighbor count is 0
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
R3#show ip ospf interface
FastEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 192.168.1.3/24, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 192.168.31.33, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 1
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State DR, Priority 1 // DR AND BDR ELECTION TAKES PLACE AS SSON AS THE FIRST ROUTER HAS AN OSPF INTERFACE ENABLED ON A MULTIACCESS NETWORK; A NEW ROUTER WILL NOT BECOME THE DR OR BDR EVEN IT HAS A HIGHER OSPF INTERFACE PRIORITY OR ROUTER ID THAN THE CURRENT DR OR BDR
Designated Router (ID) 192.168.31.33, Interface address 192.168.1.3
No backup designated router on this network
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:04
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Cisco NSF helper support enabled
IETF NSF helper support enabled
Index 1/1, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 0, maximum is 0
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
Neighbor Count is 0, Adjacent neighbor count is 0
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
R2(config)#router ospf 1
R2(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R2(config-router)#
*Jan 10 10:59:09.171: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.31.33 on FastEthernet0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
R2(config-router)#do show ip ospf interface
FastEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 192.168.1.2/24, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 192.168.31.22, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 1
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State BDR, Priority 1 // R2 BECOMES BDR SINCE IT HAS THE SECOND
HIGHEST IP ADDRESS
Designated Router (ID) 192.168.31.33, Interface address 192.168.1.3
Backup Designated router (ID) 192.168.31.22, Interface address 192.168.1.2
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:02
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Cisco NSF helper support enabled
IETF NSF helper support enabled
Index 1/1, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 1
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1
Adjacent with neighbor 192.168.31.33 (Designated Router)
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
R2#show ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
192.168.31.33 1 FULL/DR 00:00:35 192.168.1.3 FastEthernet0/0 // R1 IS DR
R1(config)#router ospf 1
R1(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R1(config-router)#
*Jan 10 11:10:36.343: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.31.22 on FastEthernet0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
R1(config-router)#
*Jan 10 11:10:37.967: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.31.33 on FastEthernet0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
R1(config-router)#do show ip ospf interface
FastEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 192.168.1.1/24, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 192.168.31.11, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 1
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State DROTHER, Priority 1 // R1 IS A DROTHER SINCE IT HAS THE LOWEST ROUTER ID
Designated Router (ID) 192.168.31.33, Interface address 192.168.1.3
Backup Designated router (ID) 192.168.31.22, Interface address 192.168.1.2
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:01
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Cisco NSF helper support enabled
IETF NSF helper support enabled
Index 1/1, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 1
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
Neighbor Count is 2, Adjacent neighbor count is 2
Adjacent with neighbor 192.168.31.22 (Backup Designated Router)
Adjacent with neighbor 192.168.31.33 (Designated Router)
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
R1#show ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
192.168.31.22 1 FULL/BDR 00:00:37 192.168.1.2 FastEthernet0/0
192.168.31.33 1 FULL/DR 00:00:35 192.168.1.3 FastEthernet0/0
R1(config)#interface fastethernet0/0
R1(config-if)#ip ospf ?
<1-65535> Process ID
authentication Enable authentication
authentication-key Authentication password (key)
bfd Enable BFD on this interface
cost Interface cost
database-filter Filter OSPF LSA during synchronization and flooding
dead-interval Interval after which a neighbor is declared dead
demand-circuit OSPF demand circuit
flood-reduction OSPF Flood Reduction
hello-interval Time between HELLO packets
lls Link-local Signaling (LLS) support
message-digest-key Message digest authentication password (key)
mtu-ignore Ignores the MTU in DBD packets
network Network type
prefix-suppression OSPF prefix suppression
priority Router priority
resync-timeout Interval after which adjacency is reset if oob-resync is
not started
retransmit-interval Time between retransmitting lost link state
advertisements
transmit-delay Link state transmit delay
R1(config-if)#ip ospf priority 255 // USE THE ip ospf priority COMMAND TO MANUALLY DETERMINE THE DR AND BDR
R3(config)#interface fastethernet0/0
R3(config-if)#ip ospf priority 100
R2(config)#interface fastethernet0/0
R2(config-if)#ip ospf priority 0 // OSPF PRIORITY OF 0 MEANS IT WON'T JOIN THE DR AND BDR ELECTION PROCESS
R1#clear ip ospf process
Reset ALL OSPF processes? [no]: yes
R1#
*Jan 10 11:14:59.887: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.31.22 on FastEthernet0/0 from FULL to DOWN, Neighbor Down: Interface down or detached
*Jan 10 11:14:59.887: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.31.33 on FastEthernet0/0 from FULL to DOWN, Neighbor Down: Interface down or detached
*Jan 10 11:14:59.923: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.31.22 on FastEthernet0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
*Jan 10 11:14:59.923: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.31.33 on FastEthernet0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
R2#clear ip ospf process
Reset ALL OSPF processes? [no]: yes
R2#
*Jan 10 11:06:06.839: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.31.11 on FastEthernet0/0 from FULL to DOWN, Neighbor Down: Interface down or detached
*Jan 10 11:06:06.839: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.31.33 on FastEthernet0/0 from FULL to DOWN, Neighbor Down: Interface down or detached
*Jan 10 11:06:06.867: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.31.11 on FastEthernet0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
*Jan 10 11:06:06.871: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.31.33 on FastEthernet0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
R3#clear ip ospf process
Reset ALL OSPF processes? [no]: yes
R3#
*Jan 10 11:14:05.127: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.31.11 on FastEthernet0/0 from FULL to DOWN, Neighbor Down: Interface down or detached
*Jan 10 11:14:05.127: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.31.22 on FastEthernet0/0 from FULL to DOWN, Neighbor Down: Interface down or detached
*Jan 10 11:14:05.163: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.31.11 on FastEthernet0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
R1#show ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
192.168.31.22 0 FULL/DROTHER 00:00:33 192.168.1.2 FastEthernet0/0 // EVEN THOUGH R2 HAS A HIGHER ROUTER ID THAN R1, IT BECAME DROTHER SINCE PRIORITY IS 0
192.168.31.33 100 FULL/BDR 00:00:35 192.168.1.3 FastEthernet0/0
R3#show ip ospf interface
FastEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 192.168.1.3/24, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 192.168.31.33, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 1
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State BDR, Priority 100
Designated Router (ID) 192.168.31.11, Interface address 192.168.1.1
Backup Designated router (ID) 192.168.31.33, Interface address 192.168.1.3
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:09
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Cisco NSF helper support enabled
IETF NSF helper support enabled
Index 1/1, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 1
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 4 msec
Neighbor Count is 2, Adjacent neighbor count is 2
Adjacent with neighbor 192.168.31.11 (Designated Router)
Adjacent with neighbor 192.168.31.22
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
